An oil field is a collection of oil deposits in a certain area. Usually occupies several hundred kilometers, oil wells are used for production. Contents 1 Classification of oil fields ... Wikipedia
OFFSHORE DEPOSITS- natural accumulations of minerals (liquid, gaseous and solid) in the bowels and on the surface of the ocean floor. The greatest importance is attached to the development of M.M. oil and gas. In 1984 from M.M. about 2 million tons of oil were produced daily (more than 27% ... ... Marine encyclopedic reference book
This article lists the world's major oil and gas condensate fields, their geological reserves, years of discovery, and the oil and gas bearing basins to which they belong ... Wikipedia
On Wikipedia ... Wikipedia
Oil rigs in Los Angeles (1896) Oil price, $ per barrel, 1997 2008 (NYMEX Light Sweet Crude Oil Futures Prices) Oil price, $ per barrel, 1998 November 2008 ... Wikipedia
An oil field is a collection of oil deposits in a certain area. It usually takes several hundred kilometers, oil wells are used for production, which are built in the process of drilling ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Oil (meanings). Oil? The main composition of Cn ... Wikipedia
A natural gas field is a set of deposits of natural gas and gas condensate in a certain area. It usually takes several hundred kilometers; gas wells are used for production ... Wikipedia
Vladimir Khomutko
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Main production areas and major oil fields
At present, the world's main energy carrier is oil, from which the oil industry, by processing, produces gasoline, kerosene, boiler fuel and many other useful substances that satisfy the need for oil products in the modern world economy.
Which oil field is the richest in terms of its volume? Oddly enough, it is not located in the Persian Gulf at all, but in Mexico, and it is called Chicontepec.
Mexican field Chicontepec
Chicontepec is considered the largest oil field in the entire globe. It is located on the east coast of Mexico, and its basin is part of the Gulf of Mexico.
The total area of Chicontepec is four thousand square kilometers and unites the territories of three Mexican states: Puebla, Hidalgo and Veracruz.
Oil was discovered here at the beginning of the twentieth century, or rather, in 1926. According to experts, the total amount of hydrocarbon reserves in this place is from 19 to 22 billion tons. In addition to oil, this energy pool boasts huge reserves of natural gas, which, according to experts, is about one trillion cubic meters.
Oil reservoirs are located throughout this field, as a result of which Pemex, which is developing it, decided to drill more than seventeen thousand wells to ensure the extraction of this valuable resource. It is thanks to this field that Mexico is in fourth place in the world in terms of its oil reserves. It should be noted that the country cannot yet receive the maximum benefit from the possession of such vast natural resources, since for a long time it has not conducted developments for the development of Chicontepec.
Al Ghawar field
This field, unique in its scale, is located in Saudi Arabia, in the Persian Gulf basin.
Experts estimate its volume at the level of 20 billion tons of "black gold". Al-Ghawar is the largest field in the world currently being developed (280 by 30 kilometers, or 8,400 square kilometers). It was opened in 1948, immediately after the end of the Second World War.
This main field brings Saudi Arabia more than half of all hydrocarbons produced in this country. Approximately 6 percent of the world's oil is of this origin. The field is state-owned and is being developed by a national company called Saudi Aramco. According to the specialists of this company, the modern oil reserves of Al-Ghawar are already half used up, and if production continues at the same pace, it may be completely depleted by the end of the 21st century.
Big Burgan
Big Burgan or simply Burgan is located in the southern part of the state of Kuwait and, like Al-Ghawar, belongs to the Persian Gulf basin. However, its distinguishing feature is that it is completely in the desert. A third of all oil produced in Kuwait is produced in Burgan. The quantitative estimate of the oil reserves of this field is 13 billion tons. Oil production in this place began in 1946.
The development of the Big Burgan is the responsibility of a state-owned company called Kuwait Petroleum Corp. In order to maintain the same rates of hydrocarbon production, in recent years Burgan has been actively working on the modernization of oil producing enterprises. According to preliminary estimates, the reserves of this deposit will last at least another 50 years.
Carioca Sugar Loaf
This oil-bearing basin is located in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean, not far from the coast of South America, which belongs to Brazil.
Carioca belongs to the oil and gas basin called Santos. It was opened relatively recently - in 2008. The total oil reserves here are estimated at 11 billion tons. Carioca Sugar Loaf is developed by several oil companies, the largest of which is Petrobras. It is quite difficult to get to the oil of this field, since you have to go deep for seven kilometers, of which two kilometers are the waters of the Atlantic, and five are the thickness of the earth's crust. Brazilian demand for hydrocarbons Carioca is able to fully meet within a few hundred years.
Safania Khafji
This water field of the Persian Gulf belongs to two states - Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.
It was opened in 1951. The total volume of its reserves is approximately 10.5 billion tons of oil and 330 billion cubic meters of gas. The development is entrusted to two state corporations - the Arabian Saudi Aramco and the Kuwait Kuwait Petroleum Corp.
Bolivar
This name combines several oil fields on the territory of Lake Maracaibo, which is located in Venezuela. The common name is the Bolivar Shelf.
Opened in 1917. According to expert estimates, the oil reserves of this shelf are about 8.3 billion tons. Development and production is carried out by Petroleos de Venezuela. Mining is carried out at a depth of about five kilometers.
Al Zakoom
Al-Zakum is two deposits: Lower Zakum and Upper Zakum, located on the territory of the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Also applies to the Persian Basin. Oil was found in Nizhniy Zakum in 1965. in the Upper - in 1967. The total reserves are estimated at 10.7 billion tons. Mining is carried out by the ADNOC corporation.
Samotlor field
It is the largest in Europe and is located on the territory of our country - Russia, or rather - in the swampy area around Lake Samotlor, which is located in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Experts estimate the size of its reserves at about 7.1 billion tons.
The development of this wild land, and with it oil exploration, began in 1965. The depth of the oil-bearing layer is up to 2.5 kilometers. The development is carried out by Rosneft. Recently, a decision was made to drill an additional 600 new wells, designed to increase the production of "black gold" at Samotlor. An interesting fact is that until very recently, these oil deposits were not indicated on the domestic maps of Russia.
North and South Pars
It is located in the territorial waters belonging to two countries - Iran and Qatar.
This very large oil and gas field is estimated by experts at about 7 billion tons of oil and, think about it, at 28 trillion cubic meters of gas! Development here began in 1991, and the main producing companies are Petropars and Qatar Gaz.
Kashagan
A fairly young field called Kashagan was discovered in 2000.
It is located in the Caspian Sea and belongs to the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Kashagan is the world's largest lake field (Caspian Sea-Lake). The amount of hydrocarbon raw materials available here is estimated at 6.4 billion tons. Production here was started recently - in 2013, however, the leadership of Kazakhstan plans to significantly increase the volume of production in the next decade and raise the Kazakh economy to new heights.
Al Ghawar
The largest oil field is located in Al-Ghawar (Ghawar, Goar), located in Saudi Arabia in the Persian Gulf basin. It is located approximately 100 kilometers southeast of the city of Dhahran. Its dimensions are 280 by 30 kilometers. It was opened in 1948. The field is state-owned and controlled by Saudi Aramco.
Approximately 60-65% of all oil in Saudi Arabia since the discovery of the field has been extracted from it. About 700 thousand tons are mined per day, which is about 6.5% of world production. In addition, about 56.6 million cubic meters of natural gas is produced daily at Gavar.
Oil reserves are approximately 82 billion barrels. However, about 10 billion tons of oil are recognized as proven and recoverable reserves. Oil deposits are located at a depth of 1.5-3 kilometers.
Samotlor field in Russia
In Russia, the largest oil field is Samotlor, located in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, near the city of Nizhnevartovsk. It was opened in 1965. It got its name because of the close location of Samotlor Lake. The name of the lake in the local language is referred to as "bad water", "dead lake".
The reserves are estimated at 7 billion tons. However, about 3 billion tons of oil are proven. Oil deposits are located at a depth of 1.5-2.5 kilometers.
After 30 years of production, more than 2 billion tons of oil have been produced from the field. After that, production fell to 36,000 tons per day, but modern technology has allowed to increase production.
Now the development of the field is owned by OJSC Samotlorneftegaz, which is owned by TNK-BP.
Alexander Ozerov, Samogo.Net
It should be noted that deposits of natural resources are located unevenly. The main areas of their location:
- Far East - 45 on Sakhalin Island and 12 on Sakha Island in Yakutia.
- Western Siberia - about 500 fields, which is 70% of Russian oil reserves.
- Russian Arctic - Novoportovskoye field and Gazprom Neft.
Oil fields in Russia
The total number of oil fields is more than 2 thousand. The largest are the following:- Tuymazinsky. This oil field is located in the Republic of Bashkiria and is one of the largest places where oil is produced in Russia. The process of oil production here began in 1937 and continues to this day.
- Samotlor. This field is located near Samotlor Lake. Oil production has been carried out here since the middle of the last century. Now the oil and gas company Rosneft is engaged in production.
- Romashkinskoe. It is one of the oldest oil fields. Location - Republic of Tatarstan. Its reserves are about 5 billion tons. Their extraction is carried out by the Tatneft company.
- Priobskoye. According to the average daily oil production, it ranks first in Russia. Approximately 100 thousand tons of oil are produced per day. The work is being carried out by Gazprom Neft and Rosneft.
- Lyantorskoe. The daily volume of oil produced is 26 thousand tons. Surgutneftegaz is a mining company in this area.
- Fedorovskoye. The total mineral reserves are approximately 2 billion tons.
Prospects for the oil industry in Russia
- It is predicted that in the coming years, due to the increase in the number of road transport in the world and in Russia in particular, the oil industry will only develop.
- The introduction of modern technologies and reduction of losses at all stages of the oil production process will significantly increase the profitability of the industry.
- The position of Russian oil companies in the markets of other countries is being strengthened. The Russian government aims to increase production volumes, which in the future will lead to the expansion of fuel exports to other countries near and far abroad.
Natural gas fields in Russia
Russia ranks 8th in the world in terms of natural gas production. The main deposits are:- Urengoy. Its volume is approximately 16 trillion cubic meters of gas.
- Yamburgskoye. The volume of natural gas reserves is about 8 trillion cubic meters.
- Bovanenkovo. Approximately 5 trillion cubic meters is the volume of this deposit.
- Shtokman. The volume of natural gas reserves here is approximately 4 trillion cubic meters.
- Leningrad. One of the promising places for gas production. The volume is about 3 trillion. cubic meters.
It should be noted that the world's largest natural gas processing plant, the Orenburg Gas Processing Plant, is located in Russia. In addition to this plant, several other enterprises operate in the country - Urengoy, Sosnogorsk, Astrakhan gas processing plants and several dozens of small ones.
Actual problems of oil and gas production in Russia
- Low rate of mining and a significant increase in the cost of work.
- The deposits are located in hard-to-reach places.
- Depreciation of oil production equipment and the use of outdated energy-intensive technologies.
- Low rates of introduction of innovations in the field of oil production.
- Irrational use of oil and gas.
