It is worth knowing that the law provides private investigators with very few tools to work with. They have the opportunity to take photographs, interview witnesses, study documents and archives. Use of any other methods is prohibited. However, the demand for the services of private detective agencies is growing every day. This may be due to a high level of distrust of people in government agencies or a desire to maintain privacy. Whatever happens there, it is worth noting that today this business can bring quite a good income to its owner.
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How to open your own private detective agency?
Speaking about how to open a detective agency, you should know that, first of all, an entrepreneur will need to study the legal side of this issue. It will be the Law on Private Security and Detective Activity. Currently, approximately 150 private agencies are successfully operating in Moscow. It is important to note that each of them works quite "quietly".
It is worth noting that a private detective can also provide detective services if he has a license that gives him the right to provide such services. The detective has every right to carry batons, gas cartridges and even a bulletproof vest as protection. However, it is important to remember that it is forbidden to acquire and carry weapons with you.
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What services are in high demand today?
The main assistants of the modern detective will be his own head and laptop.
Quite often in films you can see that the detective bureau is watching the unfaithful wives or husbands of clients. However, life is not like that. Most often you have to watch business partners and competitors. For example, before concluding a very important deal, one of the partners wanted to find out the information of interest to him and turned to a private detective. The cost of such services will cost the client approximately from 100 to 5000 dollars. The amount will depend on how valuable the information was obtained.
Detectives who have been working on the market for a long time report that the direction of such services is constantly changing. More recently, there was a period when most of the orders were to determine the nationality (during the boom in emigration to Israel). After that, there were a large number of cases of stolen cars. Now foreign citizens are increasingly using the services of a detective in order to check the reputation of their own brides from Russia.
To date, each of the detective agencies occupies its own niche in the market. Therefore, when collecting information on how to open a private agency, it does not hurt for an entrepreneur to think about what the company can specialize in better than its competitors, whether it will be business intelligence or the search for missing people.
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Search for employees and remuneration
At the moment, the detective agency is a small business, and it will remain so for a long time. In order to start the work of his own detective agency, the entrepreneur will need to hire about 4 people. It is important to note that most often detectives are members of the same family.
After the agency has existed for a certain amount of time and becomes successful, people who previously worked in state security firms may start looking for work with you. It should be understood that, firstly, such people will want high pay for their work done, and secondly, the number of employees of 4 people is necessary and sufficient to ensure the productive work of the agency. At first, there is no particular need to expand your staff.
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Possible methods of work of experienced detectives
It is worth knowing that each detective has his own methods of work. However, in many ways the detective is an actor. In order to get the necessary information, quite often you have to transform into someone. Most often, the detective carries with him a number of various fake business cards.
Detectives almost never have to work openly, they also introduce themselves. This is due to the fact that in this profession the most important thing is to work carefully so as not to let the customer down.
A lot can be learned with the help of cunning. For example, if a client is threatened by phone, while the operator refuses to provide information about the subscriber, it will be enough just to call the number from which the threats were received earlier and threaten that his phone will be disconnected due to non-payment of international bills. Most likely, the person whom the detective called will be confused and will name the address to which it will be possible to send invoices, which will hand over the office. The professionalism of the detective lies in his ability to deftly find out all the necessary information.
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Possible fees that professional detectives are able to receive
From 100 to 250 dollars can be obtained for providing the full registration data of the Russian company of interest, all information about its leaders and founders (the deadline can be from 3 to 5 days);
From 500 to 1000 dollars, the detective can receive additionally for determining the actual address of the office of interest, the number of employees, the conditions for renting the premises, for checking accounts receivable, checking the director (photo, place of registration, personal information, mobile and home phones). The deadline for completing this task is 7-12 days;
From 2000 to 4500 dollars, the detective will be able to earn extra for providing information about branches, affiliates and subsidiaries, annual turnover and balance sheet, information about buyers and suppliers (list), credit score, detailed verification of two founders or managers (their immediate family, the presence of property , criminal connections, handwriting and signature samples, past illnesses, shares and shares in other enterprises, military service, and so on).
In addition, information can be provided on the terms of the contract with one of the business partners, a sample letterhead, and so on. The time it takes to complete such a task is approximately 20-25 days.
Private detectives in our country are allowed no more than other mortals. According to the law, all their simple tools are oral polls of citizens, the study of documents, external inspection and photography of objects. But it turns out that you can make money with it.
For those full thirteen years that have passed since the adoption of the Law on private detective and security activities in the Russian Federation, the statistics appear entertaining. With security and safety in our country, judging by the numbers, there is complete order: about 3 thousand security companies and a whole army of licensed security guards (over 150 thousand!). But there is a clear shortage of private detectives: there are about 150 detective agencies in Moscow, and in the rest of Russia a rare large city can boast of five or six individual detectives. Large detective structures in Russia during this time did not appear. The law allows organizing "detective associations with the status of legal entities" that can "open their branches in other regions of the Russian Federation." But few people take advantage of this opportunity.
There are dozens of detective agencies in the world with international status and offices in many regions of the world. Governments and Wall Street tycoons do not hesitate to resort to their services. And where are our domestic Krolls and Pinkertons with thousands of employees? And in general: what do Russian detectives breathe today? On this topic, "Business Journal" talked with detective Alexander UPATOV.
Atypical detective
The main format of the Russian detective business today is a lone detective with a license, registered as a PBOYUL. Actually, he needs a license only in order to be able to officially, for a fee, provide the relevant services. She does not give special rights, only continuous duties. And detectives are not even supposed to have weapons - only special equipment "to repel an attack that directly threatens life and health." That is, a baton, a bulletproof vest and a gas cartridge. In our country, only a private security guard can have a Colt under his arm, but not a detective.
The typical private investigator today is a retired law enforcement or intelligence officer. To a greater or lesser extent, he yearns for those operational-search capabilities that he once had during his sovereign service, and with more or less success struggles with the temptation to apply them in his private practice.
In this sense, Alexander Upatov is not a typical detective. In the past, he is not an opera, but a military pilot. He took up detective work after being transferred to the reserve seven years ago under the guidance of the well-known detective Stanislav Arkhagov, who has now retired from work. He worked out his first cases, including under an agreement with the television program “Wait for me” (TV company VID), which he still considers an excellent school.
You know, I personally feel quite comfortable within the framework that the law establishes for a private detective. I have enough, - says Alexander and even flaunts. - I don't have anything "spyware" at all. Laptop, pen and head are my tools. And if you see any wires on my desk, it's a mobile phone charger!
Tasks for a law-abiding detective
To a provocative question like “What can you, private detectives, do if you don’t go beyond the law?” Alexander smiles enigmatically. He obviously does not want to spread about his methods.
Well, here's a case from practice, - he begins reluctantly. - My customer, an entrepreneur, is going to buy a property, say, in the suburbs. The issue of sale is decided by a certain administrative body. And the customer has unverified information that the competitor, meanwhile, is also trying to acquire this object and even agrees for a bribe with one of the officials. My task is to find out with whom exactly and whether the bribe is large. How to get up here?
Outdoor, wiretapping and other special events? - I guess right off the bat.
Perhaps some retired officer from the special services would have gone exactly that way. But this is illegal, long, and would cost the customer a tidy sum. A simple survey, oddly enough, is much more effective ...
Yeah, so just come right up and ask: do you know who is here and how much they are going to give to the paw? Yes?
What for? Properly prepare and create the right situation for the removal of information, - Alexander explains. - Let's say I meet with a competitor of the customer under such conditions in which, frankly, he takes me not for who I am, but for an employee of that same administrative body. And between us there is a quick dialogue. "Hello! We are looking into your question. About the object,” I say. - “Ah, from Pal Palych?” - “Yes, referent. So, he asked me to tell you that your case will be resolved positively if the amount of interest is increased by twenty. - “What are you doing! More than 60 thousand is already too much! That's it, the information about who and how much is exhaustive. The customer is satisfied.
So easy? Is acting legal?
Firstly, I do not introduce myself as a law enforcement officer. This is indeed prohibited by law. Secondly, it is clear here that my interlocutor made a mistake and said too much. It happens to everyone? I'm not to blame for this! And thirdly, it is not so easy to create such a situation for a survey!
Maybe in this case "survey" is not quite the right word?
I consider as a survey any obtaining of information through a conversation, if it occurs without the use of violent or legally prohibited methods. Am I wrong?
Business intelligence fees
- $100–250. Full registration data of the Russian company of interest, information about the founders and managers. Execution time - 3-5 days.
- $500–1,000. Additionally: actual office address; number of employees; conditions for renting premises; verification of receivables; verification of the director (personal information, photo, place of registration, home and mobile phones). Execution time - 7-12 days.
- $2,000–4,500. Additionally: information about branches, subsidiaries and affiliated enterprises; annual turnover and balance; list of buyers and suppliers; credit score; detailed verification of two founders or managers (ownership, next of kin, criminal ties, signature and handwriting samples, past illnesses, shares and shares in other enterprises, military service); terms of an agreement with one of the business partners; letterhead sample. Deadline - 20-25 days.
Detective assortment
The law strictly prescribes what kind of services a private detective can provide to citizens and organizations. The list is concise - only seven items. "Bestsellers" change over time. Once upon a time, the service of confirming nationality was in great demand. The man was going to emigrate to Israel and asked to find evidence that he was a Jew. At one time, detectives were actively involved in the search for stolen vehicles. Now such an “export” service is becoming fashionable: foreigners are asked to check Russian citizens whom they meet via the Internet for the purpose of marriage. The search for the missing or persons with whom communication has been lost is generally an eternal topic. Here the detectives are no longer surprised by anything. An order may be received to search for a friend of school days with whom the client sat at the same desk forty years ago, or for an urgent search for a spouse who has gone on a spree “after yesterday”. From clients of a romantic warehouse - a request to find a girl whom I accidentally met yesterday in a restaurant, but I was too shy or forgot to ask for a phone number. Significantly, such a service as business intelligence or, to use the wording of the law, "identification of insolvent or unreliable business partners" is gaining momentum. Either business activity in the country is really growing rapidly, or entrepreneurs have begun to think more about the security of their business.
Each detective has his own hobby. In Alexander's portfolio of orders, for example, business intelligence and the search for missing people make up the bulk of it.
After talking with Alexander, you understand: the detective is an ordinary person, only more attentive. And the detective business, in fact, is based on the fact that the detective has a useful skill to pick up information where the rest will not even think to look for it.
Standing in the smoking room of the company you are interested in, listening to what kind of "manka" and what kind of things they are talking about - is that illegal? Or walk through the parking lot in front of the company's office, memorize the numbers of expensive cars that most likely belong to the management or key customers, in order to then “break through” them through the database - is the prosecutor's sanction needed for this? - shares some secrets of the detective's craft.
That's what the professionalism of a detective is: to know where and how to get information. Let this disappoint some customers who want to believe that the detective, carrying out their delicate assignment, gets wet in the rain, suffers cold and hunger and follows the trail, looking out, sniffing, listening ...
I can confess that 80 percent of my service is in the office. I work with different sources of information, make phone calls, check against databases. So what? Foreign detectives do not hesitate to say that they use the Internet to the fullest. True, they sort through information on the World Wide Web not with “handles”, but with the help of a frequent “sieve” - special software tools that allow you to establish chains of events and the connection of disparate facts.
Detective many-sided
The truth is that in the course of work, a Russian detective very rarely has the opportunity to introduce himself as a detective. Every now and then he tries on different roles: “I want to buy from you ...”, “help, I'm looking for a friend ...” And he has printed a variety of business cards - for all occasions!
From one landline cell phone, the detective's client keeps getting threatening calls. The number is known, but it is impossible to understand who is calling and where exactly the phone is installed. Looking for approaches through a telephone operator is a long and tedious story. Again, the same specific “survey” helps out. A call rings on a bad phone: “This is the client department of the telecom operator,” the detective introduces himself sternly. “Do you know that we are turning off your phone tomorrow?” - "How is it, how is it?" - the interlocutor begins to worry. - “We give you two months of bills for long-distance communications, but you don’t pay!” “Wait, wait, I didn’t get anything! And there was no intercity!” - “How was it not? Already three hundred rubles debt! Let's check the address - where to send the bills! ”... The dumbfounded owner of the phone dictates the address and only then understands (if he understands at all) that information was simply deftly “removed” from him.
The detective must be a little bit of an actor, - Alexander admits. - Personally, it helped me a lot that I rented my first office next to the theater. Vakhtangov and communicated with many local actors. Acquired many professional skills.
Playing in the open often simply does not make sense. Not only because the information will not be given, but because you will also substitute the customer. You can't say, for example, in some company: "I'm a detective, and I'm checking whether you are a reliable partner." So the customer can be left without any partners at all - both conscientious and unscrupulous.
Business-intelligence service
Some do not really know how to hide commercially important information. Others do not know how to collect it. Still others do not even imagine how much important information can be gleaned from open sources. And the fourth cannot draw elementary conclusions from the available facts. And so it will always be. Therefore, the detective, this free plowman of the information field, will never be left out of work.
A simple visit to the office of the company you are interested in under the guise of a client can give a lot, - says Alexander. - Somehow the customer asked to check one holding. It seems to be a serious office: there is a security service, a financial risk analysis department, even its own business intelligence unit. And on you: almost in the hall they put a simple unproductive paper cutter, and next to it - boxes with documentation prepared for destruction. I sat and sat there under the guise of a client, and then pretended that I was taken, and rushed to the toilet. And on the way he grabbed a few pieces of paper from the box - as if out of necessity. And you know what? In vain I broke a comedy: they had a lot of such papers already prepared there, in the toilet, a whole pack! Take care of employees! According to them, we then not only clarified the entire structure of the holding, but also the internal prices by which the divisions are calculated among themselves. The customer did not even dare to dream about it.
If only you knew from what rubbish the most valuable intelligence data grows! But business intelligence is not just about getting data. The detective transfers to the customer not just an array of information obtained, but its analysis. For this, Alexander often has to involve third-party experts - forensic experts, financiers, in order to use their findings in the report.
After checking a potential partner, we do not give the customer categorical recommendations, but we focus his attention on the facts that are essential for making a decision. Suppose you are going to enter into a serious contract with a plant, and we suddenly find out that this plant has many months of debt on access roads. And how he is going to ship products is completely unclear. This is at least something to think about. In general, any information can be useful to the customer. Up to the comments of neighbors in the stairwell about the head of the audited enterprise.
There can be many reasons for contacting detectives from an entrepreneur. Someone started buying shares in the company. Who exactly is behind the buyers? They offered a fabulous deal. Is there a trick? A new manager is appointed to a key position. What kind of person?
Here, for example, is a case from Alexander's practice, when he helped the customer save money. The customer, the owner of a small company specializing in the installation of electrical equipment, was going to participate in the tender. It was a big contract in a complex under construction. The very participation in the tender meant the development of project documentation and serious expenses. The Employer asked to establish whether there were any personal connections between the tendering construction company and any of the other bidders. The detective found out what they have, and what else: they communicate at the Vas-Pet level, to the point that the applicant for a contract has blank forms of this construction company in his desk. How did you find out? Again, by a kind of "survey" and comparison of data, without the use of unauthorized means. It is clear that such a tender did not bode well for the customer.
According to Alexander, he has long felt that he sometimes lacks knowledge. Therefore, he is now studying in absentia at two academies at once - legal and financial. Wants to learn how to read balance sheets and identify financial risks as well as experts.
By the way, it is interesting to trace the logic of the development of the world's leading detective agencies. Private detective work is a little over a century and a half. The first agency in the United States was established in 1850 by former Chicago policeman Allan Pinkerton. At first it investigated train robbery episodes. At some point, he became famous for preventing the assassination attempt on President Abraham Lincoln. Then he became interested in security activities and in the 1890s even earned a bad reputation, speaking on the side of the owners of factories against strike workers and trade unions. But in recent decades, the Pinkerton agency says about its specialization only this way: "Security consulting, investigations and identification of business risks."
So the gradual evolution of a detective into a versatile risk management consultant seems quite logical.
Businessis it or not?
Can a modern Russian detective be called an entrepreneur in the full sense of the word? Or is it just some slightly romanticized form of self-employment? Advertisements for the provision of detective services today are published in the "classified" popular publications somewhere between advertising tattoo makeup salons and specialized firms for the destruction of cockroaches. Among the practicing detectives, there are their own masters in bringing unfaithful spouses to clean water and virtuosos in searching for lost mushroom pickers. But more and more people employed in the detective services market understand that the main direction of growth is work in the b2b format.
Yes, in the foreseeable future, the detective business is likely to remain small, - Alexander agrees. - Sometimes I hear calls: take me to work! They ask for a salary from a thousand dollars ... I explain that I don’t need a large staff, and I definitely won’t be able to pay such salaries. I have four employees, and we manage everything perfectly. I can't imagine what the turnover of a detective association should be in order to keep several dozen detectives. Branches? I don't need them yet. We already work not only throughout Russia, but, if necessary, throughout the Russian-speaking CIS - wherever you can speak without an interpreter. And we even fulfill orders from abroad, which come through the World Association of Detectives (WAD).
What do you want to achieve in the detective field?
Recently, private detectives seem to me more and more to be a family business. A lot here is tied to the person who does this, to his personal reputation and personal methods. All these developments do not want to pass into the wrong hands. Therefore, it is very pleasant that my four-year-old son is keenly interested in business. And proudly says that his dad is a "detective".
My own detective
Some sources of valuable commercial information in Russia are completely open and available to individuals, and not just government officials and law enforcement officials. In particular, this is the Main Interregional Center for Processing and Dissemination of Statistical Information (GMC) of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Upon request, the following information about any enterprise registered in Russia will be provided here for a fee:
- annual balance sheet - 480 rubles;
- accounting data in the Unified State Register of Enterprises and Organizations (EGRPO), including information on types of activities, etc. - 120–247 rubles.
In addition, the HMC can prepare a certificate with statistical indicators for entire economic sectors and various economic parameters.
HMC data is updated monthly.
It is not easy to buy a house “from the needle” today, because the choice is very large ( see infographic). “2018 broke all records: developers brought out 10.6 million sq. m. m, while a year ago it was 8 million square meters. m, - said "AiF" Alexey Popov, Head of the CIAN Analytical Center. “New Moscow remains the leader.”
There are so many “beginners” in the city that buyers are less and less looking at options in the near Moscow region (where interest is mainly in the urban districts of Lyubertsy and Krasnogorsk, as well as the Leninsky district).
By the way, according to statistics, only 8% of apartments in the "primary" buy residents of other regions. Everything else is sorted out by citizens with metropolitan registration. But this does not mean that Muscovites are mad with fat and have nowhere to put their money. Every second buyer considers only inexpensive options. But there are few of them in the metropolis.
There are no projects with an average price of less than 160,000 rubles per square meter in ZAO and SWAO. m, and apartments costing 160-180 thousand rubles / sq. m will not be typed and 11%. In the northwest, looking for new buildings is cheaper than 180 thousand rubles / sq. m. m is practically meaningless. Therefore, if you are choosing an exclusively budget option, it makes sense not to rush into the choice. The fact is that last year the capital's developers received a lot of building permits for the future and in the next 5 years houses will grow like mushrooms.
Prices for new buildings will fall?
What will happen to real estate prices? Perhaps, due to the large demand for meters, they will climb up and, even having received a profitable mortgage loan, few people can afford to move to a new building?
According to Head of the analytical center "Indicators of the real estate market IRN.RU" Oleg Repchenko, mortgages will rise in price, and in order to maintain demand for apartments, developers will be forced to reduce prices: “According to our forecasts, average prices may lose up to 20% within two years.” The competition is high, plus the buyer is spoiled for variety. For example, people are ready to consider the first floor only at a good discount, and even then only after analyzing the plans for the improvement of the entire area. People are especially interested in new metro stations (which is always a big plus) and planned roads (which does not always please buyers).
And finally - about unusual apartments at high altitude. This year, the construction of a building will begin in the capital, which should become the tallest in Europe - 403.9 m. This is a skyscraper in the Moscow City complex, where 88 out of 109 floors will be given over for housing.
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The profession of a private detective is romanticized by cinema and literature, but in real life such an activity is far from the work of fictional characters. But at the same time, more and more people are now in need of the services of private detectives, who can often solve two types of problems at once: those that law enforcement agencies do not deal with at all and those that law enforcement agencies cannot solve. For a population that is limited in its capabilities, turning to a detective becomes the only salvation.
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However, the detective himself does not even have the right to carry firearms. Therefore, skirmishes, fights and other heroism must be immediately forgotten; however, only children represent the image of a detective. A private detective in Russia is a person who can perform a certain list of services that do not involve the use of weapons. You don't have to hunt drug dealers. But in case of a really out of the ordinary situation, the detective can carry a gas canister or a baton with him, and also provide himself with body armor protection. On the other hand, this is why even a person who does not like dangerous situations can become a private investigator.
You can become a professional private detective only after registering as an individual entrepreneur. You can, of course, open a legal entity, but in any case, you will have to obtain a license not for the entire enterprise, but for each individual employee. Rather, the employee himself will deal with this issue for himself. Registration is carried out at the local tax authority, requires payment of state duty (and other bureaucratic petty expenses) and takes about a month. Activity code - (OKPD 2) 80.30 Investigative services.
An important step is obtaining a license for their activities. As already noted, it is issued to each specific applicant, you can not open a detective agency, get a license for it and start taking people from the street. If an entrepreneur works on his own, then he deals with this issue only for himself as an individual. At the same time, the licensing authority will consider the possibility of issuing a license only in a few cases:
If the candidate has worked for at least three years in investigative or operational bodies.
If the candidate has a law degree.
If the candidate has completed special courses in detective work training.
You also need to submit certain documents, such as:
A copy of the Certificate of assignment of OGRNIP.
A copy of the document confirming registration with the tax authority.
Copy of TIN.
A copy of the extract from the USRIP.
Copy of the passport.
Copy of medical certificate (F No. 046-1).
Copy of work book.
A copy of a diploma of legal education or a document confirming special training to work as a private detective.
A copy of the receipt of payment of the state duty for consideration of the application and granting a license.
To get a medical certificate, you will have to go around more than one doctor, because the licensing authority carefully checks, in particular, the mental health of the future licensee. But you will also have to visit a narcologist, as well as many other doctors who will determine the level of health. After that, you need to go through fingerprint registration. That is, a private detective forever transmits information about his fingerprints, but if he previously worked in law enforcement, then such registration has probably already passed. At the end, you need to pass a special test for professional suitability, which asks questions that are closely covered in the training courses for private detectives. For persons with legal education or former employees of certain structures, they are considered to know the answers through the study of theory or work experience. Moreover, such checks will be carried out regularly, because the license is issued for a period of 5 years. The term for making a decision on issuing a primary license may not exceed 45 days. The licensing authority is the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Yes, a license will not be issued if:
The applicant is under 21 years old (18 years old is still too young to become a detective).
The applicant is registered in a mental, drug or alcohol dispensary.
The applicant has a criminal record or is under investigation (a license may be issued if the charges are dropped).
The applicant was dismissed from service in law enforcement due to a serious violation (as the law says "on compromising grounds").
The applicant works or worked less than a year ago in law enforcement agencies that oversee the activities of private detectives and security agencies (after a year, you can apply for a license).
Companies specializing in this can help in obtaining a license, but it is in this case that everything depends on the future licensee himself, and the office can only help in resolving bureaucratic issues. In order not to waste a lot of time, it is worth thinking about studying either at the Faculty of Law or at private investigator courses in advance. For people who want to become entrepreneurs, but have dreamed of becoming detectives since childhood, now there is an opportunity to make their dream come true. There would be money, because the courses, of course, are not free.
As is clear from the foregoing, it will take at least 2 months for registration, registration and licensing, during which you can already start searching for premises for your office and employees. In general, private detectives are people who want to work alone, and without a permanent location of their office. That is, all negotiations with clients take place somewhere on neutral territory. However, today the client wants to see the level of the enterprise, and for this it is important that the agency does not consist of one person. This is just an indicator, prestige, while the visitor's question can really be solved by one person, but it is important for the visitor that the agency has more opportunities. Again, in culture, the image of the detective is invariably created as a lone person, but the person who goes for real help comes from practical considerations.
Therefore, it is better to find an office, rent it if you do not have your own premises. This may be a small room and not necessarily in the city center, but not on its very outskirts. Interestingly, not too many agencies are engaged in private investigation. In a city with more than one million inhabitants, there may be 1-2 agencies, in the capitals - a little more than 10. But these are the private detectives themselves, who are in competition with some of the security agencies offering related or similar services. But still, the scope of the private security company is directly guarding, and not investigations. The office itself does not have to be large, the main thing is the office for receiving visitors, equipped with the necessary equipment. In the process of work, you will need to spend a lot of time on the Internet, and you also need to store your own information databases not on a flash drive, so each employee needs a personal computer and Internet access. The area of the room is from 20 m2, and in fact it is a simple detective's office.
In order to inform the population about your activities, it is best to advertise on the Internet and place ads on thematic portals. Ordinary ATL advertising (local radio and television, print media) can also be effective. The target audience of a private detective is people who are disappointed in the actions of law enforcement officers (for example, they go to a detective for help in finding a stolen vehicle), and people who the police will not take up at all (a classic example is the definition of fidelity of a spouse). At the same time, according to the law of the Russian Federation, the activity of a private detective is strictly regulated, and he does not have the right to enter a home or collect personal information without the knowledge and permission of the person himself. As you know, in this country everything is allowed, which is not prohibited, therefore, having a legal education, you can “balance on the edge”, engaging in almost illegal activities. The key phrase is almost that, if you exceed your duties, you can answer in an administrative or criminal case.
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You need to understand exactly what you can do and what you can’t. Fortunately, everything is relatively clear in the law, but we must not forget that laws are constantly changing. So, quite recently the licensing rules were changed, and licensees had to get it again. A private detective, among other things, can also perform the functions of a security guard, protecting citizens and property, as well as the functions of a lawyer, advising on issues relevant to his profile. The general list of the main activities of the detective looks like this:
Collection of information on civil cases on a contractual basis with participants in the process; here it is necessary to emphasize that there must be an agreement. That is, it is impossible to obtain information about another person without his consent, but this information can be obtained by any other legal means. Transferring it to the customer is also not a crime.
Market research, collection of information for business negotiations, identification of insolvent or unreliable business partners; everything is relatively clear here, the main thing is not to break the law and remember that almost no one will transfer information voluntarily. Moreover, legal entities are more cautious than individuals.
Establishing the circumstances of the illegal use of brand names and names in business activities, unfair competition, as well as disclosure of information constituting a commercial secret; here, in general, the detective becomes in defense of justice.
Clarification of biographical and other personal data about individual citizens (with their written consent) when they conclude labor and other contracts; this is done if the employer seeks to check applicants for the positions offered to them. To act within the law, you need to demand from the customer a form where the applicant signed the agreement on its verification.
Search for missing citizens; here, too, everything is relatively clear, and this activity closely intersects with the work of the police. They seek such help just in case of inaction of law enforcement agencies.
Search for property lost by citizens or enterprises, institutions, organizations; this is where the search for a stolen car comes in, although this is also the work of the police.
Collection of information on criminal cases on a contractual basis with participants in the process; here it is important to notify the investigator in this case within a day. At the same time, one cannot obtain powers like those of the prosecutor's office or the police.
Search for a person who is a debtor in accordance with an executive document, his property. Often such services are ordered by collectors or banks, while the detective himself will receive money for catching the debtor, he will not have to beat out the debt.
Search for a child under an executive document containing a requirement for the removal or transfer of a child; this includes all possible disputes about a common child, for the resolution of which it is necessary to find a parent or both parents, the child himself and all interested parties. It is possible that some of them may be outside this country.
At the same time, private detectives can also establish external monitoring of the object, because filming and recording is prohibited only indoors. A private detective can also offer the “anti-detective” service, that is, to save his client from wiretapping or surveillance (by legal means, of course), to help him figure out who and why is collecting information about him. If the detective, in the process of obtaining a license, indicated the need to use technological means, then he can not only use them in his work, but also neutralize them for his client. At the same time, in a private detective agency it is very good to have a legal consultant who will help the office itself in case of problems, and will advise clients on issues of interest to them. You may also need a programmer who can collect a lot of information about the desired user from the network. And it will not hurt to have a competent economist on staff who will help solve problems related to the fulfillment of orders from entrepreneurs and organizations. Legal entities in general will be almost the main clients of a private detective.
The license gives the right to work throughout the country, so do not miss the chance to take on a case that takes place in another city. Some agencies cooperate with the world's detective organizations (a kind of private Interpol), and therefore it is better for a detective to have a foreign passport and the ability to quickly obtain a visa to any country. The customer's order may well also involve long-term business trips to the other side of the world; however, the work of a detective also consists of routine work and sorting out old archives. Fighting crime around the world, of course, is very exciting, but this is more typical for movie characters, and in the work of a private investigator it is not always necessary to fly outside your country.
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A detective agency may be an extension of the detective's private practice, in which case he will need trusted assistants who are also licensed to act as detectives. They go to the branch of the licensing authority with certificates from their employer, where they go through the procedure for obtaining permits. It is not worth hiring people who have not even been trained. And, of course, not everyone has a detective talent, and even a police officer who has worked for many years may not be suitable for such work. But for support staff, a license is not required, this applies to economists, lawyers and programmers who sit in the office.
The cost of private detective services is usually quite high. And although in most cases the work of a detective does not involve a risk to life, he should not wait for a quiet sitting in the office either (at best, in the archives, this is required, for example, to establish nationality). Surveillance and monitoring are paid by the hour, the search for things or people costs a fixed amount. At first, you may have to set a small price for your services, but as soon as you manage to earn popularity in the city, you can correct the cost in your favor.
But in addition to the risks of being caught and sent to the forest to dig his own grave, a private detective also has quite economic risks. In small towns, it is unlikely that you will be able to make good money with such activities, because in a year you will only be able to get an order from some jealous spouse. In large settlements, the demand for detective services will be from legal entities; you just need to remember that the detective who took up the order can no longer begin to act against his client. That is, allowing yourself to be bought out, you will have to not only sacrifice your reputation, but also, it is possible that you will have to answer according to the law. Such work is suitable for a very small number of people, but it is possible to do it with other passive sources of income (for example, from your own other business or pension in the case of former law enforcement officers), perceiving the private practice of a detective as a profitable hobby.
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