About the Roadmap "Technet" (Advanced Manufacturing Technologies) of the National Technology Initiative. National Technology Initiative Priority topics of the NTI roadmap

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Alexey Borovkov, Vice-Rector for Advanced Projects, SPbPU,
leader - co-leader of the working group "Technet" (advanced production technologies) of the National Technology Initiative

Today the world is on the verge of developing the economy of a new technological generation - digital economy (Digital economy) based on data, more precisely, from our point of view, the economy, the development of which is determined by “smart data”. The central place in the economy is occupied by the sphere material production- high-tech industry, which must meet the requirements of global competitiveness, the requirements of efficiency and high labor productivity. To meet these requirements, total digitalization, automation and intellectualization of industry are rapidly developing in the world, a transition to cyber-physical systems is underway, and the material and digital virtual worlds are merging. These global changes are accompanied by the development of fundamentally new business processes at all levels. With the aim of developing Russia in accordance with global technological trends and for the most complete realization of the opening opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of the Russian industry and the final products being created, a road map was developed Technet” (advanced production technologies) of the National Technology Initiative (NTI).

Yury Ryabov, Chief Specialist, Department of Technological and Industrial Foresight, Engineering Center "Center for Computer Engineering" (CompMechLab®), SPbPU

National technology initiative is a program of measures to form fundamentally new markets and create conditions for the country's global technological leadership by 2035, which the President of the Russian Federation proposed to implement in his Address to the Federal Assembly on December 4, 2014 V.V. Putin. In May 2015, at the annual event of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives to promote new projects "ForesightFlot - 2015", working groups were formed to create and develop 9 markets of the future ("Aeronet", "Autonet", "Marinet", "Energynet", "Neuronet", "Safenet", "Healsnet", "Fudnet", "Finnet") and the only technological group of NTI - "Technet" (advanced production technologies), created on the initiative of the vice-rector for promising projects Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU) A.I. Borovkov, Director for Innovative Development PJSC NPO Saturn D.S. Ivanov and Director of the Science and Education Department of the Foundation Skolkovo A.D. Fertman.

On February 14, 2017, the Technet roadmap (advanced production technologies) of the National Technology Initiative was approved at a meeting of the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for the Modernization of the Economy and Innovative Development of Russia chaired by YES. Medvedev.

Earlier, on February 5, 2016, the Vice-Rector for Advanced Projects of SPbPU was approved as the leader - co-head of the NTI Technet working group A.I. Borovkov, and in December 2016, Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation was approved as co-head by the relevant federal executive body V.S. Osmakov.

The Technet direction is a cross-market and cross-industry direction that provides technological support for the development of NTI markets (primarily Aeronet, Autonet, Marinet, EnergyNet, etc.) and high-tech industries.

The "Technet" direction is dedicated to the development and application of one of the most important classes of "end-to-end technologies" - new production technologies, more precisely, advanced production technologies (Advanced Manufacturing Technologies), attention on which was first focused at a meeting of the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for the modernization of the economy and innovative development of Russia on September 16, 2014.

These technologies, in accordance with the NTI concept, include:

digital design and modeling, including supercomputer engineering, optimization technologies, bionic design, "smart" models, "digital twins" ( Smart Digital twin);
new materials (primarily composite materials, metamaterials, metal powders for additive manufacturing);
additive and hybrid technologies;
flexible production cells, robotic complexes;
industrial sensors, industrial internet;
big data ( big data), first of all Smart Big Data;
information systems for production and enterprise management;
virtual and augmented reality technologies;
expert systems and artificial intelligence.

At the same time, none of the advanced manufacturing technologies, taken in isolation, is capable of providing a long-term competitive advantage in the market. Such an advantage can only be given by systems of complex technological solutions that provide the design and production of globally competitive next-generation products in the shortest possible time. In the terminology of the roadmap, they are called Digital, "Smart", Virtual "Factories of the Future" (Digital, Smart, Virtual Factories of the Future), which must be formed from the best world-class technologies.

Scheme reflecting the role, types and levels of "Factories of the Future" in the matrix of the National Technology Initiative

Digital Factories are systems of integrated technological solutions that ensure the design and production of globally competitive new generation products in the shortest possible time from the research and planning stage, when the basic principles of the product are laid, and ending with the creation of a digital layout ( Digital MockUp, DMU), "digital twin" ( Smart Digital twin), a prototype or a small series (“paperless production”, “everything in digital”). A digital factory implies the presence of "smart" models of products or products (machines, structures, units, devices, installations, etc.) based on new paradigm digital design and simulation

(Smart Big Data)-Based-Driven (Advanced Design & Advanced Manufacturing).

smart factories- systems of complex technological solutions that ensure in the shortest possible time the production of globally competitive new generation products from blanks to finished products, hallmarks which is a high level of automation and robotization, excluding the human factor and related errors, leading to a loss of quality (“unmanned production”). As an input product of "Smart" factories, as a rule, the results of the work of Digital factories are used. A "smart" factory usually implies the presence of equipment for production - machine tools with numerical control, industrial robots, etc., as well as automated process control systems ( Industrial Control System, ICS) and systems for operational management of production processes at the workshop level ( Manufacturing Execution System, MES).

Virtual factories are systems of integrated technological solutions that ensure the design and production of globally competitive new generation products in the shortest possible time by combining Digital and (or) Smart Factories into a distributed network. A virtual factory implies the presence of enterprise management information systems ( Enterprise Application Systems, EAS), which allow developing and using as a single object a virtual model of all organizational, technological, logistical and other processes at the level of global supply chains (deliveries => production => distribution and logistics => sales => after-sales service) and (or) at the level distributed productive assets.

Components (layers) of "Factories of the Future".

The objectives of the NTI Technet roadmap are:

formation of a set of key competencies that ensure the integration of advanced production technologies and business models for their distribution as "Factories of the Future" of the first and subsequent generations;
creation of globally competitive customized / personalized next-generation products for the NTI markets and high-tech industries.

The following are defined as the main tasks of the Technet roadmap:

1. Creation of infrastructure for the development of a set of key competencies for the "Factories of the Future";

2. Creation of globally competitive companies in the NTI markets and in high-tech industries;

3. Long-term planning for the development of advanced manufacturing technologies and related business models;

4. Formation of an ecosystem for creating, attracting, developing and transferring best-in-class technologies;

5. Creation of legislative and institutional conditions for the development of advanced production technologies.

In order to form the "Factories of the Future" by selecting and combining the various best technologies in the world with the addition of our own cross-industry intellectual know-how, it is necessary to have a place where they could be tested in practice, in an environment that meets real conditions.

For these purposes, the Technet roadmap in 2017-2019 provides for the launch of three test sites (TestBeds):

a test site for the generation of Digital, "Smart", Virtual "Factories of the Future" on the basis of the Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (IPPT) of SPbPU;
test site "Factory of the Future" on the basis of NPO "Saturn";
experimental digital certification centers on the basis of the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology and Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov.

The priority measures for the implementation of the roadmap in 2017-2019 will be:

launch of five "Factories of the Future" in high-tech industries;
creation of the National Center for Testing, Verification and Validation of Software in the Field of Computer and Supercomputer Engineering, the National Network Center for Reverse Engineering and Prototyping and the Centers for APT Transfer, Research, Training and Export Support "Technet" NTI (in China and Europe);
launch of an acceleration system with the participation of IPPT SPbPU, NPO Saturn, the Skolkovo Foundation, RVC, other development institutions and universities to create and promote companies whose business is based on advanced production technologies, or companies that create new technological solutions or competencies in the field PPT;
preparation of a list of recommendations to clarify the activities of state programs that ensure the development of advanced production technologies;
launch of the learning factories network in federal districts;
popularization of advanced production technologies;
creation of the All-Russian Association "Technet" NTI, etc.

Currently, the working group "Technet" (advanced production technologies) of the National Technology Initiative includes representatives of the IPPT SPbPU, including the Engineering Center "Computer Engineering Center" (CompMechLab ®) of SPbPU and the CompMechLab ® group of companies, NPO "Saturn", the Skolkovo Foundation ”, Center for Strategic Research Foundation, Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, Center for Project Management in Industry, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Volgabas, Datadvans, Rosatom State Corporation enterprises, Sredne-Nevsky Shipbuilding Plant, United Rocket and Space Corporation , the United Aircraft Corporation, the United Shipbuilding Corporation, Rostec State Corporation, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and a number of other organizations and companies.

The curator of the working group on the part of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives to promote new projects is D.V. Unzhakov, from the NTI project office - M.V. Petrov.

November 28-30, 2018 Expoforum Convention and Exhibition Center (St. Petersburg) will host one of the largest events in the North-West - the XI St. Petersburg International Innovation Forum (PIIF). Traditionally, the XXII International Forum "Russian Industrialist" will be held on the same site as the innovation forum.

The organizer of SPIIF-2018 is the Committee for industrial policy and innovations of St. Petersburg.

Now the work is close to completion: the draft Regional Standard has been formed, and its results will be presented at SPIIF-2018.

Moderator - leading expert of the SPbPU NTI Center Andrey Tarshin.

November 28(14:30 - 15:30 , PIIF lecture hall) - panel discussion "Digital factories of the future: from creating digital twins to introducing IIoT technologies and augmented reality into the production process" . How to switch to system engineering and digital certification of production, what are the digital factories of the future and are there worthy examples in Russia: the experts of the discussion will give answers to these and many other questions.

November 30th (12:00 - 14:00 , hall B1) - Technet Association together with St. Petersburg Polytechnic University holds a panel session "NTI Competence Centers as a driver for the implementation of the Technet roadmap".

Roadmap "Technet" NTI was approved at a meeting of the Presidium of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for the modernization of the economy and innovative development of Russia. is the development of Russia in accordance with global technological trends and the most complete implementation of the opportunities that are opening up to increase the competitiveness of Russian industry and the end products being created.

Technet (Advanced Manufacturing Technologies) is a cross-market and cross-industry direction that provides technological support for the development of NTI markets and high-tech industries through the formation of Digital, Smart, Virtual (Digital, Smart, Virtual Factories of the Future).

The "Technet" direction is dedicated to the development and application of one of the most important classes of "end-to-end technologies" - advanced production technologies. According to the results of the competitive selection within the framework of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 16, 2017 No. 1251 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of subsidies from federal budget for the provision of state support for the centers of the National Technology Initiative based on educational organizations higher education and scientific organizations…” created14 competence centers in the areas of cross-cutting NTI technology.

Five of them correspond to the priority topics of the NTI Technet roadmap:

Center of the National Technology Initiative "New Production Technologies" on the basis of the Institute of Advanced Production Technologies of SPbPU;

Center for Big Data Storage and Analysis Technologies, Lomonosov Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov;

Center NTI MIET "Sensorics";

Competence Center in the direction of "Technologies of wireless communication and the" Internet of things "on the basis of the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech);

Center for Technology of Robotics and Mechatronics Components at INNOPOLIS University.

Participants - representatives of five centers that are priority for the Technet direction, will discuss the role of NTI competence centers in the implementation of the Technet Roadmap and determine the strategy for interaction between the NTI Centers.

As a result of the discussion, the basic principles and mechanisms of interaction between the NTI competence centers will be formed, aimed at the comprehensive implementation of the NTI Technet roadmap and increasing the global competitiveness of the Russian economy.

Experts of the event: Head of the Department of Perspective Projects of the NTI Center of SPbPU Oleg Rozhdestvensky, Deputy leader-co-leader of the WG "Technet" NTI Evgeny Belosludtsev. Moderator - Director of the Technet Association Ilya Metreveli.

We invite everyone to participate in the forum!

Venue SPIIF-2018: Exhibition and Convention Center "Expoforum", St. Petersburg, Petersburg highway 64/1.

Basic principles
Markets
Implementation
International cooperation
Miscellaneous

What is on the agenda of the National Technology Initiative (NTI)? Is it about import substitution?
The National Technology Initiative includes:
- identification of new markets, including the main drivers of demand, key market niches and possible types of products and services that will fill these niches;
- identification of key technologies, due to which products and services will be created in new markets;
- a set of support and incentive measures, including institutional, financial and research tools that allow growing national champion companies in new markets.
NTI does not have the task of import substitution or modernization of existing industries. NTI involves the creation of strategies for developing fundamentally new markets. But some of the key technologies that form precursor markets for NTI markets may appear as part of the process of import substitution and modernization.
How does NTI compare with the existing system of public administration, with the business community, with the scientific system, with the education system, etc.?
NTI is developing a matrix of priorities and communities around roadmaps for new markets and key technologies. From this matrix follow:
- setting goals for fundamental and applied research;
- policy in the field of advanced training of personnel - and the corresponding tasks for the education system;
- priorities for investment in new industries by state-owned companies;
- joint projects of society and business that do not require the participation of the state;
- directions of international technological cooperation.
In Russia in last years there have already been enough initiatives in the field of technological development - why do we need another initiative?
We have made many mistakes in innovation management. Some of these mistakes were inevitable - we had no experience in building such management models, we sometimes mindlessly transferred Western institutions and memes to Russian soil that work brilliantly in the United States, but are not suitable for Russian conditions. Now experience has accumulated, we understand what works and what does not. At the same time, we cannot return to the USSR, it is counterproductive to restore the Soviet system - the command-administrative system is no more. Even the USSR, which had the power of a superpower and human potential of 270 million people, did not survive the scientific and technological race in the 1970s and 80s. There is no reason to believe that in the second decade of the 21st century, with a potential of 143 million people, Russia will be able to restore the Soviet system, which is also not very effective. This will be a direct route to North Korea.

In order to create a new innovation management system, you need to go between the Scylla of the Soviet administrative-command system and Charybdis American model venture economy.

NTI does not intend to inject trillions of rubles into lobbied projects. We do not plan to build monumental structures or conduct propaganda from central television. We propose to identify future markets and form coalitions aimed at capturing these markets. The rest will follow.
And why do you think you can do anything?

So far, all the main questions innovative development smart officials decided, it was the sphere of bureaucratic regulation. NTI must create conditions where private money will be more important than public money - and we believe that projects with private investment will be more effective. Simply handing out government money is the most inefficient strategy. There should be “smart” development management strategies, practices joint investment, joint funds, crowdfunding and crowdinvesting. Separate elements of such an ecosystem have already been created. For example, the model of the fund of funds of the Russian Venture Company seems reasonable. We will disseminate the best practices of RVC and other development institutions in NTI.

However, the most important issue is not money or beautiful documentation. Any document that we write will be another "strategy" in a series of already adopted and not working roadmaps. A group of like-minded people is more important than a stack of papers. Therefore, we need a network of bright leaders with a shared vision and values from the fields of business, science and government controlled– and it is these leaders who will be able to implement any plan in any political and institutional climate. These leaders can be called "technological patriots" - because each of them believes that the country is capable of generating a technological breakthrough, and their trust in each other on high value grounds is more important than the struggle for resources. These are people who are ready to stretch their personal interests 20 years ahead so that their children and grandchildren would go to the same schools as they do - and there would be no shame either for their grandchildren, or for schools, or for the country.
The country has a bad investment climate, the basic institutions of modern society do not work, and the level of corruption is off scale. What kind of technological development can we talk about? How are you going to retain high-class specialists and entrepreneurs - after all, it is easier for many to leave and do a project where institutions work much better?

The institutional and investment climate, unlike the usual one, is changing by the combined efforts of people, and not by the grace of God. Russia has never had a completely business-friendly business climate. Everyone for whom comfort, sun, wine, mountains and the ocean of California is most important, as it seems to us, has already left Russia. The rest understand that in Sevastopol the sun, wine, mountains and sea are just as good.

A bad climate is no excuse for inactivity. We must move forward with possible steps, and not wait for someone to change this climate for you. At the same time, proposals for changing the situation should be formed in each NTI roadmap, for which we will fight together. Our experience in the implementation of the National Entrepreneurship Initiative, the Global Education program, WorldSkills shows that sometimes it turns out even more than you expect. We must develop positive tools to retain high professionals in the country.
You have chosen the year 2035 for the forecast, but no one in our country plans that far. A lot will change in the next 20 years, are you going to be responsible for your forecasts at all?
2035 is the planning horizon, that is, the extreme point up to which we distribute forecasts and projects. At the same time, NTI roadmaps at the level of practical actions will be built for 2015-2018. with implementation control every six months. This means that we must look 20 years ahead and start from today.

The results of the work in the near future will be new companies, new educational programs, new scientific laboratories - and if everything goes as it should, in a few years we will see a significant increase in high-tech Russian exports.
Why is the Agency for Strategic Initiatives involved in the National Technology Initiative? Are you going to replace RVC and FANO?
The Agency for Strategic Initiatives is a structure whose main task is to launch strategic initiatives commissioned by the country's leadership. We have proven our success in entrepreneurship support programs and in projects related to the development of children's and vocational education. In the national theme of technological development, it was precisely these links that were missing - working with entrepreneurs who order new technological solutions, and working with education (including children's clubs and circle movement), which creates competitive skills for the development of technologies and markets.

We are not going to manage science or the venture sector. The Agency for Strategic Initiatives is a platform where it is convenient to negotiate different groups and sections of society; our role is moderator, not boss. ASI does not plan to apply for budgets in the management of NTI. The whole practice of our previous work is to initiate large processes of change, but at the same time remain a small control structure.

And who exactly will have to manage the NTI will be shown by the foresight and subsequent work on the creation of road maps. As moderators of this process, we have no special secret knowledge.

You have chosen nine markets for NTI - EnergoNet, NeuroNet, AeroNet, MariNet and others. Why do you start with the markets? Why "No" - why are they so strangely called? Why these nine?
The global technological revolution is replacing established industries and creating new markets. Most Western technology strategies use the year 2035 as a key point: they devote the next ten years to finalizing technological solutions and bringing new products to the market, and the next ten years will be spent on dividing the world market and replacing existing technologies. For example, there is not a single large car company that would invest in an internal combustion engine or in a person behind the wheel after 2025 - they are all preparing for unmanned electric vehicles. For the time being, we continue to invest in the construction of an industry that has 10 years left to live, and which is controlled by foreign manufacturers who are not going to transfer intellectual property to us in key competencies of the future market.

Why is the word 'net' in the name of all the markets of the future? All emerging new markets either use the physical infrastructure of the Internet or its protocols, or are built in its image. According to this principle, "smart grids" will work, connecting many producers and consumers of electricity - that is, EnergoNet. This is how the transport systems of the future will be organized - AeroNet, AvtoNet and MariNet. Even conservative markets, such as agricultural machinery, are turning into networks of cyber-physical devices owned by the manufacturer, which farmers lease and renew licenses for. software. That is, all markets of the future are networks at the same time.

Why exactly these? We do not believe that there can be an exhaustive model for describing the future, and our recipe is a combination of systems analysis and leadership energy. In the pilot work on NTI roadmaps, we have staked on obvious markets where we see similar movements in other countries, and where there are strong leaders and communities in Russia. The list of markets is not exhaustive and we expect to launch work on new markets every year. If we see that we missed some significant market, we will start working on it in 2016.

Those markets that are currently allocated for work are organized according to the following logic:
- three of them relate to the security of the country and its systemic provision of resources: these are the market for food (FoodNet), energy (EnergyNet) and security (SafeNet)
- three relate to transformations into transport system: this is the market for unmanned vehicles (AutoNet), air transport (AeroNet) and sea / river transport (MariNet)
- and finally three relate to the most important areas of human life where "crazy" technological changes are taking place: this is the market for "digital" health (HealthNet), new finance (FinNet) and neurocommunications (NeuroNet).
Why is the emphasis on creating markets rather than developing science or technology?
Technology by itself means nothing if there is no demand for it. To do this, as a rule, you need a market - and if the technology is not in demand by the market, then its development becomes difficult.

Of course, the market approach is not the only one possible. No less important is the view through the tasks of state security - this is how many modern markets, from energy and basic food markets to cybersecurity and space launch markets. But the maximum effect is achieved where both tasks are solved - meeting market demand and national security. An example is the GLONASS project - at the same time it is state security in the field of geopositioning, and a very large market for those companies that have started working with it. It is possible that the 2016 foresight fleet will be organized through this prism.
If I think you've left out an important market, can I come up with a proposal? What do I need to be heard and my proposal taken into account in further work?
If you think there is an important new market, which you need to take into account in further work on the NTI, then first of all answer yourself the following questions:
- Is it possible to create fundamentally new technological standards in this area? (that is, whether the market is new)
- Is there a community of entrepreneurs and scientists in Russia that shares the idea of the possible emergence of such a market? (i.e., is there a leadership energy)
- Are there or not similar international projects or consortiums in the same direction? (that is, is it possible to find international partners with whom the launch of this market can be realized)
If the answer to these questions is yes, then we ask you to submit an application for inclusion of a new market to the ASI, and we promise to organize its full public discussion and inclusion in case of a positive decision.
In our country, more than 80% of the economy is directly or indirectly controlled by the state - why do you even place such an emphasis on entrepreneurs and markets?

We believe that the experiment with building state capitalism in Russia has already shown the inefficiency of this model, and the future lies with effective models of public-private partnership. On the whole, we cannot do without the significant role of the state even in new areas of the economy. This is shown, for example, by the struggle unfolding before our eyes between Yandex and Google. But betting only on state giants is futile, we need developed supply chains and ecosystems of medium and small technology companies.
Why should we discuss new markets if we have a crisis on our nose, and we will need to feed the country?

One of the key NTI markets - FoodNet, that is, the food market, solves the problem of more efficient production, delivery and processing of food products, taking into account the needs of large cities. This market is already forming before our eyes, and although it will reach maturity in 15-20 years, many solutions can be applied already now: for example, robotization of dairy farms greatly increases milk yield, product quality control and delivery efficiency to the end consumer - and this technology pays off for a very short period of time. Unfortunately, the consumer is not yet aware of most modern technological solutions and is not motivated to apply them - and this is a consequence of the current model of state incentives in this area. Therefore, the state must demonstrate new priorities in order to launch a technological upgrade. Practice has shown that our country is able to quickly create entire industries Agriculture– in less than 10 years, we have turned from chicken importers into chicken exporters. In this logic, by 2035 we can become leaders in many areas of high-tech agricultural production.
Where does the NTI place the idea that for global competitiveness a country must solve global problems? Let's say environmental problems or providing the world's population with water and food?

Solution global problems is a possible strategy for achieving global leadership, through which it will be extremely important to look at all our technology initiatives. We will certainly do this as part of the project, including at the Forsyth Fleet.
Why should we develop new technology businesses if there is no market for them yet? If they create something of value, either Russian Technologies or Google will buy them.

This is one of the key risks of NTI. However, the sale of companies to Russian state-owned companies with global potential (like Russian Technologies) or even international technology companies (like Google) is not necessarily a bad thing in itself - in innovative markets, this is one of the market strategies that allows business creators to capitalize on their efforts.

It is important that there be a part of new businesses that decide to develop independently and challenge the existing giants in the struggle for new markets - these are the companies that can become the new global champions. The task of NTI is to ensure that there are as many such companies as possible, and that they retain the potential for global growth. How exactly to achieve this - we propose to decide together in the coming months, we are open to ideas and suggestions. One of the solutions is the practice of corporate spinoffs - large corporations should learn how to create their own venture funds and allocate promising areas into separate business units. Another is the creation of a new generation of "patent trolls" in unoccupied niches. The third is the practice of transferring IP to the country and the rapid cultivation of national champions under the state order, with a pre-established model of export to Asian markets. There are options.

We will make 20 development roadmaps - what next? Why do you think they will be implemented?

To implement the NTI, we want to use the successful mechanism of the National Entrepreneurial Initiative (NPI), which allowed Russia to significantly improve its position in the global business climate ratings (for example, in the Doing Business rating, Russia showed record dynamics, rising from 124th to 60th place in 2 years). The NPI is based on the following model: roadmaps for improving the business climate are formed under the coordination of the ASI; each roadmap is maintained by a group of entrepreneurs and officials who make sure that the map is not bureaucratically emasculated. At the same time, NPI cards are controlled from the highest level of government. A similar mechanism is laid down in the NTI.
And what will happen if the President does not accept the NTI road maps?
From which monetary resources will the implementation of NTI road maps be paid for? If my project needs funding, how can I get it within the NTI?

First of all, NTI is people, not a roof and not a pocket. If you need public money for the success of the project, and that's all, you probably shouldn't participate in NTI.

But at the same time, it is clear that for the success of NTI, new scientific research must be launched and support for high-risk technological projects must be provided. Therefore, representatives of the Russian Science Foundation, the Russian Academy of Sciences, RVC, Skolkovo, the Assistance Fund, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Ministry of Trade and Economic Development, and the Ministry of Economic Development participate in the development of NTI, who will embody the NTI priorities in their policy to support new projects.

The set of institutional solutions needed to launch the market should be developed by the working group itself. But we are not going to turn this into a lobbying process and predetermine certain decisions. The ultimate criterion is the ability to form a market with maximum growth potential, rather than taking into account the interests of individual players.
If the state starts NTI, what will happen to existing initiatives and projects? Should we abolish existing state programs to support technological development and close any of the existing development institutions?

Why are foreign specialists not involved in the development of NTI roadmaps?

When developing a national technology policy, it is essential that it starts at the national level. In the next step, we will build cooperation systems and consortiums with international partners, but at the start this issue is predominantly national.

When creating NTI roadmaps, we use the results of all major international, national and corporate foresights in their respective areas. Members of the Foresight Fleet in individual areas are deeply integrated into the international process of developing future market standards.

In particular, on the basis of the Russian Foresight of Education 2035 initiative, the Global Education Futures project was launched in 2014, in which education leaders from around the world form a vision and global standards for the development of new education markets that support learning throughout life.
Where are robotics, the Internet of things, sustainable development, climate change and other topics relevant to the modern international agenda in NTI?

We believe that a number of errors in scientific and technological development were associated with the uncritical borrowing of Western meme concepts, behind which were marketing interests in the promotion of specific companies. It is fundamentally important for us to observe "semantic hygiene" and use terms that indicate specific markets and technologies in order to focus on specific areas with growth potential.

An example of a non-critical attitude is the concept of " smart city with centralized control. Practice shows that behind this is an attempt to impose super-expensive technological solutions, while the most effective are solutions that support decentralized governance based on local communities.
The country is in a difficult geopolitical situation. How is it possible to build a technological future, being isolated and under sanctions from the international community, including in the field of technological cooperation?
When the rocket and space project was launched in 1932, the country was in a significantly less advantageous position - and managed. Even in the worst scenario, we are doomed to renovate and develop our economy - without this, we simply have no future.

However, we hope that the process of developing technology policy will take place in cooperation with major countries world with which we have no isolation, and work has already begun on a number of standards - these are China, India and other BRICS countries, as well as a number of rapidly developing new economies. But we hope that science will remain global and no new "iron curtains" will be created in it. A number of projects are continuing in Russia focused on global cooperation, and not on isolation - this is the "5 in the top 100" program for leading Russian universities, this is the "Global Education" program for training specialists in the world's leading educational institutions with a return to their homeland, projects Big Science, and others.
Modern technological standards are by definition global - how are you going to get in with your standards and why will you be listened to?
According to our definition, new markets differ from existing ones precisely in that they lack established international technological standards. At the same time, one must understand that in a number of technology markets - including the Internet - the position of the United States dominates too much, and this does not suit many other economies. The common position of the BRICS countries is that the standards for next generation markets should not be US- and Euro-centric, and that truly global standards should emerge.

We see the relevance of the task of building truly global standards for all BRICS countries. Therefore, we immediately enter into a dialogue with them on this issue so that we can mutually take into account our national interest- at least in the format of the "second standard", which can be built on the principles of open architecture. We do not restrict the participation of the US and EU countries in this dialogue, but it should take place on the basis of general rules. And over time, it is very likely that the condition for admission to the markets of the BRICS countries will be precisely the ability to meet the formulated standards - just as it is now happening with admission to the markets of the European Union and North America.

How does the NTI foresight compare with the scientific and technological forecast, which is made by the Higher School of Economics at the request of the Ministry of Education and Science?
NTI uses the results of scientific and technological forecast. Its co-authors work in all NTI groups.
The project also involves entrepreneurs who failed to create high-tech industries and brought heavy losses to investors. Why are you inviting not only successful, but also ruined businessmen to the project?

The most valuable property of a businessman is his practical experience, which can only be gained in battle. If we do not release all the once losers into battle, then we will not have any fighters left. At the same time, it is necessary to look at the achievements of each specific leader, including scientific and social ones, and at his ability to recover from defeats.
To what extent does the NTI rely on the scientific and technological reserves that our country has?

NTI builds work from the future and from the needs of the markets. Focusing only on backlogs, which served as the basis of science and technology policy in recent decades, has already shown its inefficiency. It is impossible to endlessly rely on the Soviet experience, the time has come to create new groundwork where their potential can be used to the maximum.

The 2-year experience and the results of the implementation of the roadmap of the National Technological Initiative in the direction of Aeronet were discussed by the participants of the conference.

A direct survey conducted on the eve of the conference confirmed that market participants' assessment of the results of the Aeronet NTI House of Culture is dominated by a negative opinion.

The assessment, in general, is expected, because in the two years of the implementation of the roadmap, the necessary breakthrough technologies that would allow them to take a leading position in the global market, or at least solve internal industry-wide tasks, have not yet appeared.

At the same time, the undoubted result of the NTI is an instrument of influence on a frozen without movement regulatory framework, on the imperfection of which the slowdown of the market largely depends. On September 29, 2017, the Government of the Russian Federation adopted Decree No. 1184 "On the procedure for developing and implementing action plans ("road maps") to improve legislation and eliminate administrative barriers in order to ensure the implementation of the National Technology Initiative", and on April 3, 2018, adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation No. 576-r "On approval of the action plan ("road map") to improve legislation and eliminate administrative barriers in order to ensure the implementation of the action plan ("road map") of the National Technology Initiative in the Aeronet direction

The participants of the panel discussion were invited to express their point of view and constructive proposals on possible updates to both the roadmap itself and the mechanisms for implementing the NTI.

The opinions of the participants in the discussion, who were at the origins of the development of the road map, who went through the NTI system, and who have vast experience in the Russian and international markets, turned out to be unexpected for many.

What does experience show?

Alexey Semenov, founder and CEO GEOSCAN group of companies:

"We were the first company that passed all stages of project selection, we were the first to receive the most money and lost the most money in NTI due to an unsuccessful funding format ... NTI is an initiative given to us from above, and the community was lucky that the Aeronet track was included in the 9 developing areas. The market for flying drones has not yet taken shape at the time of the discussion of promising areas, and therefore received state support at the highest level, which is certainly important."

"I want to state that NTI is a boon for all of us," Aleksey Semenov noted, "Another question is whether the bright expectations that we had at the stage of writing the roadmap were realized. What will happen next? should embark on new tracks and be built on the self-development of the professional community. It is our turn to go towards the state."

In his speech, Aleksey Evgenievich emphasized that at the foresight stage in 2015, active market participants were tasked with substantiating that unmanned aircraft in 2035 could become a 100 billion market, and choosing the main areas of development. The problem is solved: the rationale is written, the main directions are selected.

In addition, the task was to create a mechanism for financing projects. It was also resolved, Government resolutions were written, regulations for the selection and financing of projects, and an NTI project office was created.

Today's experience shows that the financing of individual projects does not bring anything significant to the development of the market. The Innovation Assistance Fund, due to the small volume of individual grants, can only finance trial works.

Through existing system NTI can only be funded by 1-2 projects per year, which are like pellets to an elephant, while the community faces tasks of a completely different scale! Moreover, the NTI in its current format solves some local problems, while global, and in fact the main issues remain aside.

In his address to the Federal Assembly, the President of the Russian Federation set the task of doubling the volume of non-primary, non-energy exports to $250 billion within six years. Even if unmanned aircraft take only 0.2% here, this is 500 million dollars. Now the entire volume of the industry is several times smaller. The question is how to solve this problem?

"I think- the head of Geoscan emphasized, - that the state in the current NTI format has already done almost everything it could - the importance of the industry is indicated, the tasks for standardization are set, the tools are given in the first approximation. Now we need to launch the self-development mechanism of the unmanned community. And when the community outlines and takes serious steps, it will be necessary to go back to the state (in the NTI) and propose new mechanisms."

Companies or projects

Alexander Ryzhov– Executive Director of Raduga (SKYEER Platform):

"In 2015, at the foresight stage, we were on the same level as the United States in terms of legislation, i.e., no one had anything, and approximately at the same level in terms of market indicators. In 2 years, the American market has gone far ahead and today is one of the most progressive. They created the conditions. And we are still trying to link everything from Earth to Mars, but we have not solved elementary tasks, and this limits us greatly, while our opponents do everything gradually. As they say, there are two troubles in Russia - infrastructure and management. So, probably, we need to work with management."

Alexander Mikhailovich also noted that his company's experience is related to the non-transparency of project evaluation by Aeronet experts and experts of the financing party, and the project support format deliberately contains conditions that limit market maneuvers. The scope of the project contains strict conditions and criteria, but in the process of implementation it may become so that instead of, for example, a pulling screw, it will be necessary to install a pushing screw. Of course, it is possible to make changes to the project, but the level of bureaucracy is clearly excessive.

When asked about supporting projects or companies Alexander Ryzhov noted:

"I am against state financial support for companies in the form that is being done now. Either you make a good quality product in the market, or you don't. Supporting a globally competitive market product with proven effectiveness - that makes sense."

The same idea is shared by Alexey Semenov:

"Financial support, on the contrary, can ruin a company. It is necessary to support only system-wide tasks - we need infrastructure, regulations. It is necessary to develop the professional community itself and industry cooperation."

The General Director of Copter Express Technologies LLC noted in his speech that one of the problems he considers is a significant gap between the time of launching the project and the actual receipt of state support.

"We have done everything and performed all the tracks, the only reason why we have not closed the project so far is that we have not received the money back from that very state support. All projects face this and this is a huge problem."

Regarding project support, he said:

"I believe that it is necessary to create uniform conditions for everyone. Not to support some large, but individual projects and give everything to them, but to create conditions for the development of business, primarily small businesses, the same for everyone within the market in which we we are working."

Reasons and priorities

A different look at the results of the 2-year work on the implementation of the NTI roadmap was presented by the Leader of the Aeronet NTI working group Sergei Zhukov. In particular, he noted that the assessment of this work by market participants has negative balance just like their assessment of the activities of Rosnano or Skolkovo.

"State uncles, represented by the heads of development institutions and the analytical center, highly appreciated the results of the work of the Aeronet NTI working group, putting it in second place after the Neuronet group."

Sergei Alexandrovich agreed with the problems of financing projects mentioned, emphasizing that history knows examples of building the nuclear industry in a year and a half and exactly the same in cosmonautics. Then the state seriously financed not only facilities, but also the work of specialists who built the industry. Today, the entire process of developing and implementing the roadmap is free of charge for its participants, which in a certain way affects the result.

Sergey Alexandrovich named the future priorities of the updated roadmap:

"The first priority is the regulation, it is already clear what needs to be done, the foresight has been carried out. The second is the development of unmanned aerial vehicles, primarily heavy transport, for this we need normal foresights, the connection of institutions of the state sector of aviation science, we need state support and the development of a number of technologies. The third priority is community development, an important thing that the Association does. The fourth priority is education. These are the four I would single out", said the leader of the working group.

And yet, at the end of the discussion, the question remained - should the community look for mechanisms to increase the effectiveness of NTI, or calm down in euphoria from the high appreciation of high statesmen?

"I'm for a different approach- Alexander Ryzhov expressed his opinion, - How does business differ from the State approach? Business sets a goal and goes to the result. This is already summing up the legislative base and so on. Business solves specific problems, for normal business the economic effect is always important. As soon as we wrap it up in a state canvas, it is clear that no one will make any drones here."

The second phase of the NTI Development competition has been announced, aimed at supporting R&D in order to implement the road maps of the National Technology Initiative.

As part of the competition, it is planned to select projects for the implementation of NTI road maps: Aeronet; "Autonet"; "Marinet"; "Neuronet"; "Technet"; "Helsnet"; "Energynet".

R&D completion time is 12-24 months.

The competition is held on the basis of a list of priority thematic areas formulated jointly with the NTI working groups for each road map, taking into account technological barriers.

When selecting projects, the extent to which R&D is focused on the following areas of development will be taken into account:

the directions provided by the Decree of the President of Russia of December 1, 2016 No. 642 "On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation", which will allow creating technologies that are the basis of innovative development domestic market products and services, Russia's stable position in the foreign market, and ensure the transition to digital, intelligent production technologies, robotic systems, new materials and design methods, the transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving energy, countering man-made, biogenic, socio-cultural threats, terrorism and ideological extremism , as well as cyber threats and other sources of danger to society, the economy and the state, and more;
end-to-end industrial technologies necessary to achieve the results of all NTI roadmaps, including the development of a domestic electronic component base, the creation of composite materials, and more; assistance in the development of regulations and standards that contribute to the implementation of the goals of the NTI roadmaps.

Based on the results of the competition, the Innovation Promotion Fund provides grants of up to ₽20 million for R&D (salary, raw materials, materials, components, services of co-executors). At the same time, extrabudgetary co-financing (from own or borrowed funds) should be at least 30% of the grant amount. For whom Small enterprises can take part in the competition in accordance with No. 209-FZ of July 24, 2007 and unified registry SME entities. The company should not have pending contracts with the fund.

The competition is aimed at enterprises that successfully produce their own science-intensive products, have a positive financial and economic history and protected intellectual property on the subject of the project. What you need to do To participate, you need to apply through automated system fund.

In addition to the application, the participant must provide an extract from the Unified State Register legal entities, information about average headcount employees for 2014, 2015, 2016, balance sheet and report on financial results enterprises for 2015 and 2016, a business plan for an innovative project, technical task for R&D, schedule, cost estimates and documents confirming the availability of extra-budgetary co-financing. Forms of documents - in the attachment.

Applications must be submitted by May 15, 2017 at 11:30 pm (UTC). Contacts Dvornichenko Pavel Alekseevich, e-mail: