Accounting regulation 19 02. Accounting for financial investments

MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ORDER
dated 10.12.02 N 126n
ABOUT APPROVAL
ACCOUNTING REGULATIONS
"ACCOUNTING OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS"
PBU 19/02
Pursuant to the Accounting Reform Program in accordance with international standards financial reporting, approved by the Government Decree Russian Federation dated March 6, 1998 N 283 (Sobraniye zakonodatelstva Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 1998, N 11, art. 1290), I order:
1. Approve the attached Regulations on accounting"Accounting financial investments"PBU 19/02.
2. Recognize invalid the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated January 15, 1997 N 2 "On the procedure for recording transactions with securities in accounting" (the Order was registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on June 10, 1997, registration N 1324).
3. To put this Order into effect starting from financial statements for 2003.
Minister
A.KUDRIN
Application
to the Order
Ministry of Finance
Russian Federation
dated 10.12.2002 N 126n

POSITION
ACCOUNTING
"ACCOUNTING OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS"
PBU 19/02

I. General provisions

1. This Regulation establishes the rules for the formation in accounting and financial statements of information on financial investments of the organization. Organization is hereinafter referred to as entity under the legislation of the Russian Federation (except for credit institutions and state (municipal) institutions).
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated October 25, 2010 N 132n)

This Regulation is applied when establishing the specifics of accounting for financial investments for professional participants securities market, insurance organizations, non-state pension funds.

2. For the purposes of this Regulation, in order to accept assets for accounting as financial investments, the following conditions must be met at a time:

the presence of properly executed documents confirming the existence of the organization's right to financial investments and to receive Money or other assets arising from this right;
transition to organization financial risks associated with financial investments (price change risk, debtor's insolvency risk, liquidity risk, etc.);
the ability to bring economic benefits (income) to the organization in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in their value (in the form of the difference between the sale (repayment) price of a financial investment and its purchase value as a result of its exchange, use in paying off the obligations of the organization, increase in the current market value etc.).

3. Financial investments of the organization include: state and municipal securities, securities of other organizations, including debt securities, in which the date and cost of redemption is determined (bonds, promissory notes); contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (including subsidiaries and affiliates); loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit institutions, accounts receivable acquired on the basis of the assignment of the right to claim, etc.

For the purposes of this Regulation, financial investments also include the contributions of a partner organization under a simple partnership agreement.

The financial investments of the organization do not include:

own shares redeemed by the joint-stock company from shareholders for subsequent resale or cancellation;
bills of exchange issued by the organization-drawer to the organization-seller in settlements for goods sold, products, work performed, services rendered;
investments of the organization in real estate and other property having a tangible form, provided by the organization for a fee for temporary use (temporary possession and use) in order to generate income;
precious metals, jewelry, works of art and other similar valuables not acquired for normal activities.

4. Assets that have a material form, such as fixed assets, material productive reserves, as well as intangible assets are not financial investments.

5. The accounting unit of financial investments is chosen by the organization independently in such a way as to ensure the formation of complete and reliable information about these investments, as well as proper control over their presence and movement. Depending on the nature of financial investments, the procedure for their acquisition and use, a series, batch, etc. can be a unit of financial investments. homogeneous set of financial investments.

6. The organization maintains analytical accounting of financial investments in such a way as to provide information on accounting units of financial investments and organizations in which these investments are made (issuers of securities, other organizations in which the organization is a participant, borrowing organizations, etc.) .

For government securities and securities of other organizations accepted for accounting, at least the following information must be formed in analytical accounting: the name of the issuer and the name of the security, number, series, etc., nominal price, purchase price, expenses associated with acquisition of securities, total quantity, date of purchase, date of sale or other disposal, place of storage.

The organization can form in analytical accounting additional information about the financial investments of the organization, including in the context of their groups (types).

7. Features of the assessment and additional rules disclosure in the financial statements of information on financial investments in dependent business companies established by a separate regulatory act on accounting.

II. Initial assessment of financial investments

8. Financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost.

9. The initial cost of financial investments acquired for a fee is the amount of the organization's actual expenses for their acquisition, with the exception of value added tax and other refundable taxes (except for cases provided by law Russian Federation on taxes and fees).

The actual costs of acquiring assets as financial investments are:

amounts paid in accordance with the contract to the seller;
amounts paid to organizations and other persons for information and consulting services related to the acquisition of these assets. If an organization is provided with information and consulting services related to making a decision on the acquisition of financial investments, and the organization does not make a decision on such an acquisition, the cost of these services is charged to financial results a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in expenses of a non-profit organization of the reporting period when it was decided not to purchase financial investments;
remuneration paid to an intermediary organization or other person through which assets are acquired as financial investments;
other costs directly related to the acquisition of assets as financial investments.

When acquiring financial investments at the expense of borrowed money expenses on loans and borrowings received are accounted for in accordance with the Accounting Regulations "Expenses of the organization" PBU 10/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of May 6, 1999 N 33n (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on May 31, 1999, registration N 1790), and the Accounting Regulation "Accounting for loans and credits and the costs of servicing them" PBU 15/01, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of August 2, 2001 N 60n (according to the letter of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of September 7 2001 N 07/8985-YUD The order does not need state registration).

General business and other similar expenses are not included in the actual costs of acquiring financial investments, unless they are directly related to the acquisition of financial investments.

10. Excluded. - .

11. If the amount of costs (except for the amounts paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller) for the acquisition of such financial investments as securities is insignificant in comparison with the amount paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller, the organization has the right to recognize such costs as other expenses of the organization, including reporting period in which the specified securities were accepted for accounting.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

12. The initial cost of financial investments made on account of a contribution to the authorized (share) capital of an organization is recognized as their monetary value, agreed by the founders (participants) of the organization, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

13. The initial cost of financial investments received by the organization free of charge, such as securities, is recognized:

their current market price on the date of acceptance for accounting. For the purposes of these Regulations, the current market value of securities means their market price calculated in in due course an organizer of trading in the securities market;
the amount of money that can be received as a result of the sale of received securities as of the date of their acceptance for accounting - for securities for which the trade organizer on the securities market does not calculate the market price.

14. The initial cost of financial investments acquired under agreements providing for the fulfillment of obligations (payment) in non-monetary means is the cost of assets transferred or to be transferred by an organization. Assets transferred or to be transferred by an entity are valued at the price at which the entity would normally charge similar assets in comparable circumstances.

If it is impossible to establish the value of assets transferred or to be transferred by the organization, the cost of financial investments received by the organization under agreements providing for the fulfillment of obligations (payment) in non-monetary funds is determined based on the cost at which similar financial investments are acquired in comparable circumstances.

15. The initial cost of financial investments made on account of the contribution of a partner organization under a simple partnership agreement is their monetary value agreed upon by the partners in the simple partnership agreement.

16. Excluded. - Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 27, 2006 N 156n.

17. Securities that do not belong to the organization on the basis of the right of ownership, economic management or operational management, but are in its use or disposal in accordance with the terms of the agreement, are accepted for accounting in the assessment provided for in the agreement.

III. Subsequent evaluation of financial investments

18. The initial cost of financial investments, at which they are accepted for accounting, may change in cases established by law and these Regulations.

19. For the purposes of subsequent evaluation, financial investments are divided into two groups:

financial investments for which the current market value can be determined in accordance with the procedure established by these Regulations, and financial investments for which their current market value cannot be determined.

Organizations that are entitled to apply simplified methods of accounting, including simplified accounting (financial) reporting, may carry out a subsequent assessment of all financial investments in the manner established by this Regulation for financial investments for which their current market value is not determined. At the same time, these organizations may decide not to reflect the depreciation of financial investments in accounting records in cases where it is difficult to calculate the amount of such depreciation.
(the paragraph was introduced by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 8, 2010 N 144n; as amended by the Orders of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated April 27, 2012 N 55n, dated April 6, 2015 N 57n)

20. Financial investments, for which the current market value can be determined in accordance with the established procedure, are reflected in the financial statements at the end of the reporting year at the current market value by adjusting their valuation for the previous reporting date.

This adjustment can be made monthly or quarterly.

The difference between the assessment of financial investments at the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous assessment of financial investments is credited to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses) or an increase in income or expenses of a non-profit organization in correspondence with the financial investments account.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

21. Financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, are subject to reflection in accounting and in financial statements as of the reporting date at their original cost.

22. For debt securities for which the current market value is not determined, the organization is allowed the difference between the initial cost and face value during the period of their circulation evenly, in proportion to the income due on them in accordance with the terms of issue, to attribute to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses) or a decrease or increase in the expenses of a non-profit organization.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

23. For debt securities and loans granted, an organization may calculate their valuation at a present value. In this case, no accounting entries are made.

The organization shall provide support for the reasonableness of this calculation.

24. Financial investments are reflected in the balance sheet as of the reporting date at a cost determined based on the requirements of this Regulation.

If the current market value is not determined for the financial investment object, previously valued at the current market value, as of the reporting date, such financial investment object is reflected in the financial statements at the cost of its last assessment.

IV. Disposal of financial investments

25. The disposal of financial investments is recognized in the accounting of the organization on the date of termination of the conditions for accepting them for accounting, given in paragraph 2 of this Regulation.

The disposal of financial investments takes place in cases of redemption, sale, gratuitous transfer, transfer in the form of a contribution to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations, transfer on account of a contribution under a simple partnership agreement, etc.

26. Upon disposal of an asset accepted for accounting as financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, its value is determined based on the assessment determined by one of the following methods:

at the initial cost of each accounting unit of financial investments; at the average initial cost;
at the initial cost of the first acquisition of financial investments (FIFO method).

The use of one of the above methods for a group (type) of financial investments is based on the assumption of the sequence of application of accounting policies.

27. Contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (except for shares joint-stock companies), loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit institutions, receivables acquired on the basis of an assignment of the right to claim, are valued at the initial cost of each financial investment withdrawn from the above accounting units.

28. Securities may be valued by the organization upon disposal at the average initial cost, which is determined for each type of securities as the quotient of dividing the initial value of the type of securities by their number, which are formed respectively from the initial cost and the amount of the balance at the beginning of the month and received securities in during this month.

29. Evaluation at historical cost of the first financial investments in terms of time of acquisition (FIFO method) is based on the assumption that securities are written off within a month or another period in the sequence of their acquisition (receipt), i.e. securities that are the first to be written off must be valued at the historical cost of the securities of the first acquisitions, taking into account the initial value of the securities listed at the beginning of the month. When applying this method, the value of securities remaining at the end of the month is made at the initial cost of the latest acquisitions, and the value of the earliest acquisitions is taken into account in the value of securities sold.

30. Upon disposal of assets accepted for accounting as financial investments, for which the current market value is determined, their value is determined by the organization based on the latest assessment.

31. For each group (type) of financial investments, one assessment method is applied during the reporting year.

32. Evaluation of financial investments at the end of the reporting period is carried out depending on the accepted method of evaluating financial investments upon their disposal, i.e. at the current market value, at the initial cost of each accounting unit of financial investments, at the average initial cost, at the initial cost of the first financial investments acquired in time (FIFO method).

33. Examples of the use of valuation methods for the disposal of financial investments are given in the appendix to this Regulation.

V. Income and expenses on financial investments

34. Income from financial investments is recognized as income from ordinary activities or other income in accordance with the Accounting Regulation "Income of the organization" PBU 9/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of May 6, 1999 N 32n (registered with the Ministry of Justice Russian Federation May 31, 1999, registration number 1791).

35. Expenses related to the provision of loans by the organization to other organizations are recognized as other expenses of the organization.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

36. Expenses related to servicing financial investments of an organization, such as payment for the services of a bank and/or a depository for keeping financial investments, provision of a depo account statement, etc., are recognized as other expenses of an organization.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VI. Impairment of financial investments

37. Sustained significant decline in the value of financial investments for which their current market value is not determined, below the amount of economic benefits that the entity expects to receive from these financial investments in normal conditions its activities is recognized as an impairment of financial investments. In this case, based on the calculation of the organization, the estimated value of financial investments is determined, which is equal to the difference between their value, at which they are reflected in accounting (accounting value), and the amount of such a decrease.

A steady decline in the cost of financial investments is characterized by the simultaneous presence of the following conditions:

at the reporting date and at the previous reporting date, the carrying amount is significantly higher than their estimated cost;
during the reporting year, the estimated value of financial investments changed significantly only in the direction of its decrease;
As of the reporting date, there is no evidence that a significant increase in the estimated value of these financial investments is possible in the future.

Examples of situations in which impairment of financial investments may occur are:

the emergence of signs of bankruptcy in the issuing organization of securities owned by the organization, or in its debtor under a loan agreement, or declaring it bankrupt;
making a significant number of transactions in the securities market with similar securities at a price significantly lower than their book value;
absence or significant decrease in income from financial investments in the form of interest or dividends with a high probability of a further decrease in these income in the future, etc.

38. In the event of a situation in which impairment of financial investments may occur, the entity should check whether conditions for a sustainable decrease in the value of financial investments exist.

The specified check is carried out on all financial investments of the organization specified in paragraph 37 of these Regulations, for which there are signs of their impairment.

In the event that an impairment test confirms a sustained significant decline in the value of financial investments, the entity forms an allowance for depreciation of financial investments by the amount of the difference between the book value and the estimated value of such financial investments.

A commercial organization forms the specified reserve at the expense of the financial results of the organization (as part of other expenses), and a non-profit organization - at the expense of an increase in expenses.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

In the financial statements, the value of such financial investments is shown at book value minus the amount of the formed reserve for their depreciation.

Checking for depreciation of financial investments is carried out at least once a year as of December 31 of the reporting year if there are signs of depreciation. The organization has the right to carry out the specified check on the reporting dates of the interim financial statements.

The organization shall provide confirmation of the results of this verification.

39. If, based on the results of the check for depreciation of financial investments, a further decrease in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for the depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its increase and decrease in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in expenses of a non-profit organization .
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

If, based on the results of the check for depreciation of financial investments, an increase in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for the depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its decrease and an increase in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

40. If, on the basis of available information, the organization concludes that a financial investment no longer meets the criteria for a sustainable significant decrease in value, as well as in the event of disposal of financial investments, the estimated value of which was included in the calculation of the provision for depreciation of financial investments, the amount of the previously created provision for depreciation for the specified financial investments is attributed to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization at the end of the year or the reporting period when the said financial investments were disposed of.
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VII. Disclosure of information in financial statements

41. In the financial statements, financial investments should be presented with a unit, depending on the term of circulation (repayment) for short-term and long-term.

42. Accounting statements are subject to disclosure, taking into account the requirement of materiality, at least the following information:

methods for evaluating financial investments upon their disposal by groups (types);
the consequences of changes in the methods of valuation of financial investments upon their disposal;
the cost of financial investments for which the current market value can be determined, and financial investments for which the current market value cannot be determined;
the difference between the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous valuation of financial investments for which the current market value was determined;
for debt securities for which the current market value was not determined - the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation, accrued in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 22 of this Regulation;
the value and types of securities and other financial investments encumbered with collateral;
the value and types of retired securities and other financial investments transferred to other organizations or persons (except for sale);
data on the reserve for depreciation of financial investments, indicating: the type of financial investments, the amount of the reserve created in the reporting year, the amount of the reserve recognized as other income of the reporting period; reserve amounts used in the reporting year;
(As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 18, 2006 N 116n)
for debt securities and loans granted - data on their valuation at a discounted value, on the amount of their discounted value, on the methods of discounting used (disclosed in the notes to balance sheet and income statement).
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia of 04/06/2015 N 57n)

Application
to the Regulations on
accounting
"Accounting for financial investments"
PBU 19/02, approved
Order of the Ministry of Finance
Russian Federation
dated December 10, 2002 N 126n

EXAMPLES
USE OF DISPOSITION VALUATION METHODS
FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS

1. The method of evaluation according to the initial
cost of each unit of accounting
financial investments

The cost of retiring financial investments is equal in this case to their initial cost.

2. Method of valuation at the average initial cost

The value of securities to be written off is determined by multiplying the number of securities to be retired (for example, shares of OAO "S") by the average initial cost of one security of this type (shares of OAO "S"). The average initial cost of one security of a given type is calculated as the quotient of dividing the value of securities of a given type by their number, respectively, consisting of the value and quantity of the balance at the beginning of the month and of the received securities in this month.

Example 1 (data are given for one type of securities)

the date	Coming			Consumption			Remainder
the date	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles
Remaining on the 1st	100	100	10,0	-	-	-	100	100	10,0
10th	50	100	5,0	60	-	-	90	-	-
15th	60	110	6,6	100	-	-	50	-	-
20s	80	120	9,6	-	-	-	130	-	-
Total	290	-	31,2	160	107,6	17,2	130	107,6	14,0

1) Average initial cost of one security:

(10.0 million rubles + 5.0 million rubles + 6.6 million rubles + 9.6 million rubles) / 290 = 107.6 thousand rubles

2) The value of the balance of securities at the end of the month:

130 x 107.6 thousand rubles = 14.0 million rubles

3) Cost of retiring securities:

31.2 million rubles - 14.0 million rubles = 17.2 million rubles.

160 x 107.6 thousand rubles = 17.2 million rubles.

This method can also be applied during the month for each date of disposal within the month of the securities, using an estimate of the balance of the securities, determined by the average historical cost method, at the date of the previous transaction (the so-called moving average historical cost method).

3. Method of valuation at historical cost
the first in the acquisition of financial
investments (FIFO method)

The valuation of securities under the FIFO method is based on the assumption that securities are sold within a month in the sequence of their receipt (acquisition), i.e. the securities that were the first to be offered for sale should be valued at the initial cost of the first by the time of acquisition, taking into account the value of the securities listed at the beginning of the month. When applying this method, the assessment of securities that are in the balance at the end of the month is carried out according to actual cost the latest by the time of acquisition, and the cost of the sale (disposal) of securities takes into account the value of the earliest by the time of acquisition.

The value of retiring securities is determined by subtracting from the sum of the value of the balance of securities at the beginning of the month and the value of the securities received during the month the value of the balance of securities at the end of the month.

the date	Coming			Consumption			Remainder
the date	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles
Remaining on the 1st	100	100	10,0	-	-	-	100	-	-
10th	50	100	5,0	60	-	-	90	-	-
15th	60	110	6,6	100	-	-	50	-	-
20s	80	120	9,6	-	-	-	130	-	-
Total	290	107,6	31,2	160	100,6	16,1	130	116,2	15,1

1) The value of the balance of securities at the end of the month, based on the value of the latest receipts:

(80 x 120 thousand rubles) + (50 x 110 thousand rubles) = 15.1 million rubles.

2) Cost of retiring securities:

31.2 million rubles - 15.1 million rubles = 16.1 million rubles.

3) Cost per unit of retiring securities:

16.1 million rubles / 160 = 100.6 thousand rubles.

This method can also be applied during the month for each date of disposal within the month of the securities, using the valuation of the balance of securities, determined by the FIFO method, at the date of the previous transaction (the so-called rolling FIFO method).

"On the procedure for recording operations with securities in accounting" (the Order was registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on June 10, 1997, registration number 1324).

3. To put this Order into effect starting with the financial statements for 2003.

Minister
A.L. KUDRIN

REGULATION ON ACCOUNTING "ACCOUNTING OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS"
PBU 19/02

I. General provisions

1. This Regulation establishes the rules for the formation in accounting and financial statements of information on financial investments of the organization. An organization is hereinafter understood as a legal entity under the laws of the Russian Federation (except for credit institutions and state (municipal) institutions). (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of October 25, 2010 N 132n)

This Regulation is applied when establishing the specifics of accounting for financial investments for professional participants in the securities market, insurance organizations, non-state pension funds.

2. For the purposes of this Regulation, in order to accept assets for accounting as financial investments, the following conditions must be met at a time:

the presence of properly executed documents confirming the existence of the organization's right to financial investments and to receive funds or other assets arising from this right;

transition to the organization of financial risks associated with financial investments (the risk of price changes, the risk of the debtor's insolvency, liquidity risk, etc.);

the ability to bring economic benefits (income) to the organization in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in their value (in the form of the difference between the sale (repayment) price of a financial investment and its purchase price, as a result of its exchange, use in paying off the obligations of the organization, increase in the current market cost, etc.).

3. Financial investments of an organization include: state and municipal securities, securities of other organizations, including debt securities, in which the date and cost of redemption is determined (bonds, bills of exchange); contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (including subsidiaries and affiliates); loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit institutions, receivables acquired on the basis of assignment of the right to claim, etc.

For the purposes of this Regulation, financial investments also include contributions from an organization that is a partner under a simple partnership agreement.

The financial investments of the organization do not include:

own shares redeemed by the joint-stock company from shareholders for subsequent resale or cancellation;

bills of exchange issued by the organization - the drawer of the organization - the seller when making payments for the goods sold, products, work performed, services rendered;

investments of the organization in real estate and other property having a material form, provided by the organization for a fee for temporary use (temporary possession and use) in order to generate income;

precious metals, jewellery, works of art and other similar valuables not acquired for normal activities.

4. Assets that have a material form, such as fixed assets, inventories, as well as intangible assets are not financial investments.

The organization can form in analytical accounting additional information about the financial investments of the organization, including in the context of their groups (types).

7. Peculiarities of assessment and additional rules for disclosing information on financial investments in dependent business companies in financial statements are established by a separate regulatory act on accounting.

II. Initial assessment of financial investments

8. Financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost.

9. The initial cost of financial investments purchased for a fee is the amount of the organization's actual costs for their acquisition, except for value added tax and other refundable taxes (except for cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation on taxes and fees).

The actual costs of acquiring assets as financial investments are:

amounts paid in accordance with the contract to the seller;

amounts paid to organizations and other persons for information and consulting services related to the acquisition of these assets. If an organization is provided with information and consulting services related to making a decision on the acquisition of financial investments, and the organization does not make a decision on such an acquisition, the cost of these services is charged to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in the expenses of a non-profit organization of that the reporting period when it was decided not to purchase financial investments; (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

remuneration paid to an intermediary organization or other person through which assets are acquired as financial investments;

other costs directly related to the acquisition of assets as financial investments.

When acquiring financial investments at the expense of borrowed funds, the costs of loans and borrowings received are taken into account in accordance with the Accounting Regulation "Organization's expenses" PBU 10/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 1999 N 33n (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, registration N 1790, dated May 31, 1999) and the Accounting Regulation "Accounting for loans and credits and the costs of servicing them" PBU 15/01, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated August 2, 2001 N 60n ( according to the letter of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation dated September 7, 2001 N 07 / 8985-YUD, the Order does not need state registration).

In connection with the loss of force of the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 08.02.2001 N 60n, one should be guided by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 06.10.2008 N 107n adopted instead.

General business and other similar expenses are not included in the actual costs of acquiring financial investments, unless they are directly related to the acquisition of financial investments.

10. Item excluded. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2006 N 156n)

11. If the amount of costs (except for the amounts paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller) for the acquisition of such financial investments as securities, in comparison with the amount paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller, is insignificant, the organization has the right to recognize such costs as other expenses of the organization in the reporting period in which the specified securities were accepted for accounting. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

12. The initial cost of financial investments made as a contribution to the authorized (reserve) capital of an organization is their monetary value, agreed by the founders (participants) of the organization, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

13. The initial cost of financial investments received by the organization free of charge, such as securities, is recognized:

their current market value on the date of acceptance for accounting. For the purposes of this Regulation, the current market value of securities means their market price calculated in accordance with the established procedure by the organizer of trading on the securities market;

the amount of money that can be received as a result of the sale of received securities as of the date of their acceptance for accounting - for securities for which the market price is not calculated by the trade organizer on the securities market.

15. The initial cost of financial investments made on account of the contribution of an organization that is a partner under a simple partnership agreement is their monetary value agreed upon by the partners in the simple partnership agreement.

16. Item excluded. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2006 N 156n)

III. Subsequent evaluation of financial investments

18. The initial cost of financial investments, at which they are accepted for accounting, may change in cases established by law and these Regulations.

19. For the purposes of subsequent assessment, financial investments are divided into two groups: financial investments, for which the current market value can be determined in accordance with the procedure established by these Regulations, and financial investments, for which their current market value cannot be determined.

Organizations that are entitled to apply simplified methods of accounting, including simplified accounting (financial) reporting, may carry out a subsequent assessment of all financial investments in the manner established by this Regulation for financial investments for which their current market value is not determined. At the same time, these organizations may decide not to reflect the depreciation of financial investments in accounting records in cases where it is difficult to calculate the amount of such depreciation. (As amended by the Orders of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated November 8, 2010 N 144n, dated April 27, 2012 N 55n, dated April 6, 2015 N 57n)

The difference between the assessment of financial investments at the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous assessment of financial investments is credited to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses) or an increase in income or expenses of a non-profit organization in correspondence with the financial investments account. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

21. Financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, are subject to reflection in accounting and in financial statements as of the reporting date at their original cost.

22. For debt securities for which the current market value is not determined, the organization is allowed to attribute the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during their circulation period evenly to the extent of the income due on them in accordance with the terms of issue of income to be attributed to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses) or a decrease or increase in the expenses of a non-profit organization. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

23. For debt securities and loans granted, an organization may calculate their valuation at a present value. In this case, no accounting entries are made.

The organization shall provide support for the reasonableness of this calculation.

24. Financial investments are reflected in the balance sheet as of the reporting date at a cost determined based on the requirements of this Regulation.

IV. Disposal of financial investments

25. The disposal of financial investments is recognized in the accounting of the organization on the date of termination of the conditions for their acceptance for accounting, given in paragraph 2 of this Regulation. (As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 04/06/2015 N 57n)

at the initial cost of each accounting unit of financial investments;

at the average initial cost;

at the initial cost of the first acquisition of financial investments (FIFO method).

The use of one of the above methods for a group (type) of financial investments is based on the assumption of the sequence of application of accounting policies.

27. Contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (except for shares of joint-stock companies), loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit organizations, accounts receivable acquired on the basis of an assignment of the right to claim, are valued at the initial cost of each accounting unit withdrawn from the above accounting units. accounting for financial investments.

31. For each group (type) of financial investments, one assessment method is applied during the reporting year.

33. Examples of the use of valuation methods for the disposal of financial investments are given in the appendix to this Regulation.

V. Income and expenses on financial investments

34. Income from financial investments is recognized as income from ordinary activities or other receipts in accordance with the Accounting Regulation "Income of the organization" PBU 9/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of May 6, 1999 N 32n (registered with the Ministry of Justice Russian Federation May 31, 1999, registration number 1791).

35. Expenses related to the provision of loans by the organization to other organizations are recognized as other expenses of the organization. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

36. Expenses associated with servicing financial investments of an organization, such as payment for the services of a bank and / or a depository for the storage of financial investments, provision of an extract from a depo account, etc., are recognized as other expenses of an organization. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VI. Impairment of financial investments

37. A sustainable significant decrease in the value of financial investments, for which their current market value is not determined, below the amount of economic benefits that the organization expects to receive from these financial investments in the normal course of its activities, is recognized as depreciation of financial investments. In this case, based on the calculation of the organization, the estimated value of financial investments is determined, which is equal to the difference between their value, at which they are reflected in accounting (accounting value), and the amount of such a decrease.

A steady decline in the cost of financial investments is characterized by the simultaneous presence of the following conditions:

at the reporting date and at the previous reporting date, the carrying amount is significantly higher than their estimated cost;

during the reporting year, the estimated value of financial investments changed significantly only in the direction of its decrease;

As of the reporting date, there is no evidence that a significant increase in the estimated value of these financial investments is possible in the future.

Examples of situations in which impairment of financial investments may occur are:

the appearance of the organization - issuer of securities owned by the organization, or its debtor under a loan agreement signs of bankruptcy or declaring it bankrupt;

making a significant number of transactions in the securities market with similar securities at a price significantly lower than their book value;

absence or significant decrease in income from financial investments in the form of interest or dividends with a high probability of a further decrease in these income in the future, etc.

The specified check is carried out on all financial investments of the organization specified in paragraph 37 of these Regulations, for which there are signs of their impairment.

A commercial organization forms the specified reserve at the expense of the financial results of the organization (as part of other expenses), and a non-profit organization - at the expense of an increase in expenses. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

In the financial statements, the value of such financial investments is shown at book value minus the amount of the formed reserve for their depreciation.

The organization shall provide confirmation of the results of this verification.

39. If, based on the results of the audit for depreciation of financial investments, a further decrease in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its increase and decrease in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in expenses of a non-profit organization . (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

If, based on the results of the check for depreciation of financial investments, an increase in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for the depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its decrease and an increase in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

40. If, on the basis of available information, the organization concludes that a financial investment no longer meets the criteria for a sustainable significant decrease in value, as well as in the event of disposal of financial investments, the estimated value of which was included in the calculation of the provision for depreciation of financial investments, the amount of the previously created provision for depreciation for the specified financial investments is attributed to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization at the end of the year or the reporting period when the said financial investments were disposed of. (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VII. Disclosure of information in financial statements

41. In the financial statements, financial investments should be presented with a unit, depending on the term of circulation (repayment) for short-term and long-term.

42. Accounting statements are subject to disclosure, taking into account the requirement of materiality, at least the following information:

on methods of evaluation of financial investments upon their disposal by groups (types);

about the consequences of changes in the methods of valuation of financial investments upon their disposal;

the cost of financial investments for which the current market value can be determined, and financial investments for which the current market value cannot be determined;

the difference between the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous valuation of financial investments for which the current market value was determined;

for debt securities for which the current market value was not determined - the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation, accrued in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 22 of this Regulation;

the value and types of securities and other financial investments encumbered with collateral;

the value and types of retired securities and other financial investments transferred to other organizations or persons (except for sale);

data on the reserve for depreciation of financial investments, indicating: the type of financial investments, the amount of the reserve created in the reporting year, the amount of the reserve recognized as other income of the reporting period; reserve amounts used in the reporting year; (as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

for debt securities and loans granted - data on their valuation at a discounted value, on the amount of their discounted value, on the methods of discounting used (disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement). (As amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 04/06/2015 N 57n)

EXAMPLES OF USE OF APPRAISAL METHODS AT THE DISPOSAL OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS

1. The method of valuation at the initial cost of each accounting unit of financial investments

The cost of retiring financial investments is equal in this case to their initial cost.

2. Method of valuation at the average initial cost

Example 1 (data are given for one type of securities).

the date	Coming			Consumption			Remainder
the date	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles	quantity	price per unit, thousand rubles	amount, million rubles
Remaining on the 1st	100	100	10,0				100	100	10,0
10th	50	100	5,0	60			90
15th	60	110	6,6	100			50
20s	80	120	9,6				130
Total	290		31,2	160	107,6	17,2	130	107,6	14,0

1) The average initial cost of one security.

I. General provisions

1. This Regulation establishes the rules for the formation in accounting and financial statements of information on financial investments of the organization. An organization is hereinafter understood as a legal entity under the laws of the Russian Federation (except for credit institutions and state (municipal) institutions).
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of October 25, 2010 N 132n)

2. For the purposes of this Regulation, in order to accept assets for accounting as financial investments, the following conditions must be met at a time:

the presence of properly executed documents confirming the existence of the organization's right to financial investments and to receive funds or other assets arising from this right;
transition to the organization of financial risks associated with financial investments (the risk of price changes, the risk of the debtor's insolvency, liquidity risk, etc.);
the ability to bring economic benefits (income) to the organization in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in their value (in the form of the difference between the sale (repayment) price of a financial investment and its purchase value as a result of its exchange, use in paying off the obligations of the organization, increase in the current market value etc.).

For the purposes of this Regulation, financial investments also include the contributions of a partner organization under a simple partnership agreement.

The financial investments of the organization do not include:

own shares redeemed by the joint-stock company from shareholders for subsequent resale or cancellation;
bills of exchange issued by the organization-drawer to the organization-seller in settlements for goods sold, products, work performed, services rendered;
investments of the organization in real estate and other property having a tangible form, provided by the organization for a fee for temporary use (temporary possession and use) in order to generate income;
precious metals, jewellery, works of art and other similar valuables not acquired for normal activities.

4. Intangible assets such as fixed assets, inventories, and intangible assets are not financial investments.

The organization can form in analytical accounting additional information about the financial investments of the organization, including in the context of their groups (types).

II. Initial assessment of financial investments

8. Financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost.

The actual costs of acquiring assets as financial investments are:

amounts paid in accordance with the contract to the seller;
amounts paid to organizations and other persons for information and consulting services related to the acquisition of these assets. If an organization is provided with information and consulting services related to making a decision on the acquisition of financial investments, and the organization does not make a decision on such an acquisition, the cost of these services is charged to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in the expenses of a non-profit organization of that the reporting period when it was decided not to purchase financial investments;
remuneration paid to an intermediary organization or other person through which assets are acquired as financial investments;
other costs directly related to the acquisition of assets as financial investments.

When acquiring financial investments at the expense of borrowed funds, the costs of loans and borrowings received are taken into account in accordance with the Accounting Regulation "Organization's expenses" PBU 10/99, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 1999 N 33n (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on May 31, 1999, registration N 1790), and the Accounting Regulation "Accounting for loans and credits and the costs of servicing them" PBU 15/01, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of August 2, 2001 N 60n (according to letter of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation dated September 7, 2001 N 07/8985-YUD The order does not need state registration).

General business and other similar expenses are not included in the actual costs of acquiring financial investments, unless they are directly related to the acquisition of financial investments.

10. Excluded. - Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2006 N 156n.

11. If the amount of costs (except for the amounts paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller) for the acquisition of such financial investments as securities is insignificant in comparison with the amount paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller, the organization has the right to recognize such costs as other expenses of the organization, including the reporting period in which the specified securities were accepted for accounting.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

12. The initial cost of financial investments made as a contribution to the authorized (share) capital of an organization is their monetary value, agreed by the founders (participants) of the organization, unless otherwise provided by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

13. The initial cost of financial investments received by the organization free of charge, such as securities, is recognized:

their current market value on the date of acceptance for accounting. For the purposes of this Regulation, the current market value of securities means their market price calculated in accordance with the established procedure by the organizer of trading on the securities market;
the amount of money that can be received as a result of the sale of received securities as of the date of their acceptance for accounting - for securities for which the trade organizer on the securities market does not calculate the market price.

16. Excluded. - Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2006 N 156n.

III. Subsequent evaluation of financial investments

18. The initial cost of financial investments, at which they are accepted for accounting, may change in cases established by law and these Regulations.

19. For the purposes of subsequent evaluation, financial investments are divided into two groups: financial investments, for which the current market value can be determined in accordance with the procedure established by these Regulations, and financial investments, for which their current market value cannot be determined.

Small business entities, with the exception of issuers of publicly placed securities, are entitled to carry out a subsequent assessment of all financial investments in the manner prescribed by this Regulation for financial investments for which their current market value is not determined.
(the paragraph was introduced by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2010 N 144n)

The difference between the assessment of financial investments at the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous assessment of financial investments is credited to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses) or an increase in income or expenses of a non-profit organization in correspondence with the financial investments account.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

21. Financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, are subject to reflection in accounting and in financial statements as of the reporting date at their original cost.

22. For debt securities for which the current market value is not determined, the organization is allowed to attribute the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation evenly, in proportion to the income due on them in accordance with the terms of issue, to the financial results of a commercial organization ( as part of other income or expenses) or a decrease or increase in the expenses of a non-profit organization.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

23. For debt securities and loans granted, an organization may calculate their valuation at a present value. In this case, no accounting entries are made.

The organization shall provide support for the reasonableness of this calculation.

24. Financial investments are reflected in the balance sheet as of the reporting date at a cost determined based on the requirements of this Regulation.

IV. Disposal of financial investments

25. The disposal of financial investments is recognized in the accounting of the organization on the date of the one-time termination of the conditions for accepting them for accounting, given in clause 2 of this Regulation.

at the initial cost of each accounting unit of financial investments;
at the average initial cost;
at the initial cost of the first acquisition of financial investments (FIFO method).

The use of one of the above methods for a group (type) of financial investments is based on the assumption of the sequence of application of accounting policies.

27. Contributions to the charter (reserve) capital of other organizations (except for shares of joint-stock companies), loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit organizations, accounts receivable acquired on the basis of assignment of the right to claim, are valued at the initial cost of each accounting unit withdrawn from the above accounting units. accounting for financial investments.

31. For each group (type) of financial investments, one assessment method is applied during the reporting year.

33. Examples of the use of valuation methods for the disposal of financial investments are given in the appendix to this Regulation.

V. Income and expenses on financial investments

35. Expenses related to the provision of loans by the organization to other organizations are recognized as other expenses of the organization.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

36. Expenses related to servicing financial investments of an organization, such as payment for the services of a bank and/or a depository for keeping financial investments, provision of a depo account statement, etc., are recognized as other expenses of an organization.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VI. Impairment of financial investments

A steady decline in the cost of financial investments is characterized by the simultaneous presence of the following conditions:

at the reporting date and at the previous reporting date, the carrying amount is significantly higher than their estimated cost;
during the reporting year, the estimated value of financial investments changed significantly only in the direction of its decrease;
As of the reporting date, there is no evidence that a significant increase in the estimated value of these financial investments is possible in the future.

Examples of situations in which impairment of financial investments may occur are:

the emergence of signs of bankruptcy in the issuing organization of securities owned by the organization, or in its debtor under a loan agreement, or declaring it bankrupt;
making a significant number of transactions in the securities market with similar securities at a price significantly lower than their book value;
absence or significant decrease in income from financial investments in the form of interest or dividends with a high probability of a further decrease in these income in the future, etc.

The specified check is carried out on all financial investments of the organization specified in paragraph 37 of these Regulations, for which there are signs of their impairment.

A commercial organization forms the specified reserve at the expense of the financial results of the organization (as part of other expenses), and a non-profit organization - at the expense of an increase in expenses.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

In the financial statements, the value of such financial investments is shown at book value minus the amount of the formed reserve for their depreciation.

The organization shall provide confirmation of the results of this verification.

39. If, based on the results of the check for depreciation of financial investments, a further decrease in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for the depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its increase and decrease in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other expenses) or an increase in expenses of a non-profit organization .
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

If, based on the results of the check for depreciation of financial investments, an increase in their estimated value is revealed, then the amount of the previously created reserve for the depreciation of financial investments is adjusted towards its decrease and an increase in the financial result of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

40. If, on the basis of available information, the organization concludes that a financial investment no longer meets the criteria for a sustainable significant decrease in value, as well as in the event of disposal of financial investments, the estimated value of which was included in the calculation of the provision for depreciation of financial investments, the amount of the previously created provision for depreciation for the specified financial investments is attributed to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income) or a decrease in expenses of a non-profit organization at the end of the year or the reporting period when the said financial investments were disposed of.
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)

VII. Disclosure of information in financial statements

41. In the financial statements, financial investments should be presented with a unit, depending on the term of circulation (repayment) for short-term and long-term.

42. Accounting statements are subject to disclosure, taking into account the requirement of materiality, at least the following information:

methods for evaluating financial investments upon their disposal by groups (types);
the consequences of changes in the methods of valuation of financial investments upon their disposal;
the cost of financial investments for which the current market value can be determined, and financial investments for which the current market value cannot be determined;
the difference between the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous valuation of financial investments for which the current market value was determined;
for debt securities for which the current market value was not determined - the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation, accrued in accordance with the procedure established by paragraph 22 of this Regulation;
the value and types of securities and other financial investments encumbered with collateral;
the value and types of retired securities and other financial investments transferred to other organizations or persons (except for sale);
data on the reserve for depreciation of financial investments, indicating: the type of financial investments, the amount of the reserve created in the reporting year, the amount of the reserve recognized as other income of the reporting period; reserve amounts used in the reporting year;
(as amended by the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of September 18, 2006 N 116n)
for debt securities and loans granted - data on their valuation at a discounted value, on the amount of their discounted value, on the methods of discounting used (disclosed in the notes to the balance sheet and income statement).

RAS 19/02 recognizes assets as financial investments if the following conditions are met simultaneously:

1. The presence of properly executed documents confirming the existence of the organization's right to make financial investments and receive funds or other assets arising from this right.

2. Transition to the organization of financial risks associated with financial investments (risk of price changes, risk of insolvency of the debtor, liquidity risk, etc.)

3. The ability to bring the organization economic benefits in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in their value (in the form of the difference between the sale price and its purchase price)

Financial investments include	Does not include financial investments.
State and municipal securities	Own shares redeemed by JSC from shareholders for subsequent resale or cancellation
Securities of other organizations in which the date and cost of redemption is determined (bonds, bills)	Promissory notes issued by a bill issuer to a seller in settlements for goods sold, products, work performed, services rendered)
Contributions to the authorized capital of other organizations (including subsidiaries and affiliates)	An organization’s investment in real estate or other property that has a tangible form and is provided by the organization for a fee for temporary possession and use in order to generate income
Loans granted to other organizations	Precious metals, jewelry, works of art and other similar valuables acquired for the ordinary course of business
Deposits in credit institutions	Assets having a tangible form (OS, inventory, etc.)
Accounts receivable acquired on the basis of assignment of the right to claim	Intangible assets
Other similar assets

Analytical accounting should provide all the necessary information

By accounting units of financial investments

For organizations in which these investments were made.

The minimum information that must be generated in analytical accounting:

Name of the issuer and name of the security

Number, series

Rated price

Purchase price

Costs associated with the acquisition of securities

Total number of securities

Release date

Date of sale or other disposal

Storage.

Financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost, which is determined in different ways, depending on how the assets came to the organization:

Method of entry	Determination of the initial cost of the fin. investments	Base
Purchasing for a fee	Actual acquisition costs, excluding VAT	Clause 9 PBU 19/02P. 15 PBU 15/01P.11 PBU 10/99
Making a contribution to authorized capital	Financial value fin. investments, agreed with the founders of the organization	Clause 12 RAS 19/02
Free receipt	Current market value as of the date of their acceptance for accounting	P. 13 RAS 19/02
Acquisition under agreements providing for the fulfillment of obligations (payment) in non-monetary means	Established based on the price at which, in comparable circumstances, an entity would normally charge similar assets	P. 14 RAS 19/02
Contribution to the contribution of a partner organization under a simple partnership agreement	Financial value fin. investments, agreed with partners in the contract	P. 15 RAS 19/02
Obtaining without acquiring the right of ownership, economic management or operational management	Contract Valuation	P. 17 RAS 19/02

Financial investments cease to be such and are written off from the accounting records when they are redeemed, sold, donated, etc.

The valuation method chosen by the organization for each type of financial investment and fixed in its accounting policy, should not change during the reporting year.

Financial investments are taken into account on account 58 “Financial investments”.

58-1 Units and shares

58-2 Debt securities

58-3 "Granted loans"

58-4 "Contributions to the agreement of a simple partnership"

Wiring:

Dt 58 Kt 51,52,50 it.p.

If the contribution to the authorized capital is made in the form of goods and materials or fixed assets, then

Dt 02 Kt 01 Depreciation charges

Dt 91 Kt 01 For the amount of residual value Os

Dt 58 Kt 91 Nasummu, agreed with the founders

Accrual of dividends:

Receiving dividends:

Disposal of financial investments:

Dt 76 Kt 91 Price at which financial investments are sold

Dt 91 Kt 58 book value

Dt 91 Ct 60, 51 additional sales costs

Impairment of financial investments– a sustainable significant reduction in their cost, provided:

What is for this type of fin. investments, their current market value is not determined

That their value has fallen below the economic benefits that the organization can obtain from them in the normal course of its activities.

According to paragraph 37 of RAS 19/02, the indicators of the ongoing depreciation of financial investments are:

Appearance of signs of bankruptcy of the issuer of securities held by the organization or its debtor under a loan agreement

Conclusion on the securities market of a significant number of transactions with similar securities at a price significantly lower than their book value

Termination of receipt of interest or dividends from financial investments or a significant decrease in their size with a high probability of a further decrease in these receipts in the future.

If there is any sign, you should create a reserve for the depreciation of investments in securities by the amount of the difference between their book value and estimated value:

Dt 91 Kt 58.

Source: https://StudFiles.net/preview/2203184/page:23/

Accounting for financial investments (PBU 19/02) 1

ACCOUNTING FOR FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS (PBU 19/02)

FREE MONEY ORGANIZATIONS INVEST IN SECURITIES, INVEST IN THE AUTHORIZED CAPITAL OF OTHER ORGANIZATIONS, PLACE ON DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS IN BANKS, LOAN ETC.

Financial investments are the assets of an organization intended to receive economic benefits in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in the value of these assets. The increase in value appears as the difference between the purchase price and the sale (redemption) price.

To accept assets as financial investments for accounting, it is necessary to fulfill the requirements of two documents: PBU 19/02 “Accounting for financial investments” and PBU 20/03 “Information on participation in joint activities» , as well as comply with the following conditions: - availability of properly executed documents confirming the existence of the organization's right to financial investments and receipt of funds or other assets arising from this right; transition to the organization of financial risks associated with financial investments (the risk of price changes, the risk of the debtor's insolvency, liquidity risk, etc.); the ability to bring economic benefits (income) to the organization in the future in the form of interest, dividends or an increase in their value (in the form of the difference between the sale (repayment) price of a financial investment and its purchase value as a result of its exchange, use in paying off the obligations of the organization, increase in the current market value etc.).

PBU 19/02 PRESENTS A LIST OF ASSETS THAT CAN BE ATTRIBUTED TO FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS OF THE ORGANIZATION, DEPENDING ON THE TERMS OF PLACEMENT (LONG-TERM FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS - FOR A TERM OF MORE THAN 12 MONTHS; SHORT-TERM - FOR A TERM OF MORE THAN 12 MONTHS; securities; securities of other organizations, including debt securities, in which the date and cost of redemption is determined (bonds, promissory notes); contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (including subsidiaries and affiliates); loans granted to other organizations; deposits in credit institutions; receivables acquired on the basis of assignment of the right to claim; contributions of an organization - a partner under a simple partnership agreement (joint activity), etc. Financial investments also include financial instruments (these are futures, options, forwards, etc.). Under financial instruments refers to the agreements of the parties to transactions that determine their rights and obligations in relation to the subject of the transaction, as well as the procedure for mutual settlements in the future. The subject of the transaction may be foreign currency, securities, property rights, credit resources, etc.

DOES NOT APPLY to financial investments: own shares purchased from shareholders; investments of the organization in real estate and other property that has a material form, provided by the organization for a fee for temporary use in order to generate income; jewellery, precious metals, works of art not acquired for normal activities. The accounting unit of financial investments is chosen by the organization independently. Depending on the nature of financial investments, the procedure for their acquisition and use, a unit of financial investments can be a batch, a series, etc. The organization maintains synthetic and analytical accounting of financial investments in such a way as to provide information on accounting units of financial investments and organizations in which these investments were made (to issuers of securities, to other organizations in which the organization is a member, to borrowing organizations, etc.).

CLASSIFICATION OF FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS 1) by purpose: a) equity - includes shares, shares and contributions to authorized capital; b) debt investments - in government bonds, certificates of deposit, bills of exchange, granted loans; 2) in terms of liquidity, i.e., the ability to easily, in the shortest possible time, turn into cash, allocate: a) easily marketable (at any time); b) other financial investments (these are investments in legally independent organizations on long term); 3) According to the nature of relations with the recipient of financial investments, they distinguish: a) investments in subsidiaries; b) investments in dependent companies; c) other organizations

Financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost.

The initial cost of financial investments is the cost of financial investments when they are accepted for accounting, the method of formation of which depends on the order in which financial investments are received by the organization.

The initial cost of financial investments purchased for a fee is the amount of actual costs for their acquisition, except for VAT, excises and other reimbursable taxes.

The actual costs are: amounts paid in accordance with the contract to the seller; amounts for information and consulting services related to the acquisition of financial investments; interest on borrowed funds, if they are involved in the acquisition of these financial investments; remuneration paid to an intermediary organization and other costs associated with the acquisition of assets as financial investments. When acquiring financial investments at the expense of borrowed funds, the costs of loans and borrowings received are taken into account in accordance with PBU 10/99 "Expenses of the organization" and PBU 15/2008 "Accounting for expenses on loans and credits". General business and other similar expenses are not included in the actual costs of acquiring financial investments, unless they are directly related to the acquisition of financial investments.

The initial cost of financial investments is also recognized: for contributions to the authorized capital of an organization - a monetary value agreed by the founders; received free of charge - the market value on the date of acceptance for accounting; securities that do not belong to the organization, but are in its use - in the assessment provided for in the contract. Financial investments are divided into two groups: financial investments, by which the current market value can be determined (securities). The current market value of securities is understood as their market price calculated in accordance with the established procedure by the trade organizer on the securities market; financial investments for which the current market value is not determined (contributions to authorized capital, loans provided). Financial investments, according to which the current market value can be determined, are reflected in the financial statements at the end of the reporting year at the current market value by adjusting their valuation for the previous reporting date. These adjustments can be made monthly or quarterly. The difference between the valuation of financial investments at the current market value as of the reporting date and the previous valuation of financial investments is credited to the financial results of a commercial organization (as part of other income or expenses, account 91).

Financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, are subject to reflection in accounting and in financial statements as of the reporting date at their original cost.

If the current market value of a financial investment object previously valued at the current market value is not determined as of the reporting date, such financial investment object is reflected in the financial statements at the cost of its last valuation.

The disposal of financial investments is recognized in the accounting of the organization on the date of the one-time termination of the conditions for accepting them for accounting.

Retirement can be in the following cases: redemption, sale, gratuitous transfer, transfer as a contribution to the authorized capital, etc. When financial investments are disposed of, the organization must write off their value from the balance sheet.

Estimation of the cost of financial investments upon their disposal depends on the type of financial investments being disposed of. Financial investments, for which the current market value is determined, are valued upon write-off based on the latest valuation.

Upon disposal of an asset accepted for accounting as financial investments, for which the current market value is not determined, its value is determined on the basis of an assessment determined by one of three methods (clause

26 PBU 19/02): 1) at the initial cost of each unit of financial investments (contributions to authorized capital (with the exception of shares of JSC), loans provided, etc.

); 2) at the average initial cost (securities apply);

For each type of securities, the average initial cost is determined as the quotient of dividing the initial cost by their number.

At the same time, both indicators - the initial cost and the number of securities - are added up from their balance at the beginning of the month and receipts during this month (PBU 19/02, clause 28). Example 1

Calculation of the average initial cost of a security (for a month) 10 price, rub. amount, thousand rubles qty price sums a qty price sums a Rest.

on the 1st day of the month 1000 100 10th 50 1040 52 70 80 15th 60 1050 63 100 40 25th 90 1100 99 - 130 Total

Calculation of the average initial cost of one security: (100000 + 52000 + 63000 + 99000) : (100 + 50 + 60 + 90) = 1047 rubles. The cost of retired securities \u003d 1047 x 170 \u003d 178,000 rubles. The value of the balance at the end of the month \u003d 1047 (300 - 170) \u003d 136,000 rubles.

3) at the initial cost of the first financial investments in terms of time of acquisition (FIFO method).

The essence of the method is that the securities that are the first to be written off must be valued at the initial cost of the first in terms of the time of acquisition, taking into account the initial value of the securities listed at the beginning of the month.

At the same time, the balance at the end of the month is estimated at the initial cost of the latest acquisitions (clause 28 of PBU 19/02) (for an example, see PBU 19/02). The valuation method is specified in the accounting policy document and should not be changed during the reporting year.

Income from financial investments is recognized as: 1) Income from ordinary activities (reflected on the credit of account 90 "Sales", subaccount "Revenue"; 2) Other income (on the credit of account 91 "Other income and expenses", subaccount 1 "Other income").

For example, if the subject of the organization's activity is participation in the authorized capitals of other organizations, then the accrual of income (revenue) is reflected in the Debit of account 76 Credit 90/1.

If the object of the organization's activity is different, then the accrual of income on contributions to the authorized capital is reflected in Debit 76 Credit 91/1.

Expenses also: either as usual on account 90, subaccount 2 "Cost of sales", or on 91/2 "Other expenses" on debit, as other expenses (for example, payment for bank services, loans granted, deposits, etc.).

Analytical accounting of financial investments should provide all the necessary information, both on the accounting units of financial investments, and on the organizations in which these investments were made (issuers of securities, other organizations in which the organization is a member, borrowing organizations, etc. Account is used for accounting 58 "Financial investments" (active, main, inventory) Sub-accounts to it: 1) 58/1 "Shares and shares" - for accounting for investments in shares of OJSC and authorized capital; 2) 58/2 "Debt securities" - for accounting for investments (investments) in state and municipal securities; 3) 58/3 “granted loans” - to account for cash and other loans provided by the organization (for example, bills of exchange), etc.

The debit balance shows the amount of financial investments made at the beginning and end of the period. For debit - transactions for posting securities, deposits in other organizations, the amount of loans provided, etc.

For a loan - operations for the repayment, redemption, sale of securities, the amount of repaid loans, etc.

Postings: 1) D 58 K 51 - securities were purchased for a fee; 2) D 62 K 91/1 - the amount actually due from the buyer for the sold shares; and at the same time the accounting value of the shares being sold is written off in D 91/2 K 58.

Comparison of debit and credit turnovers on account 91 “Other income and expenses” determines the financial result from the sale of securities, for example, shares.

Income or loss from this operation is written off as part of the financial result to account 99 “Profit and Loss”: profit - on credit; loss - debit. 3) if a loan is granted, then the entry: D 58/3 K 51; 4) when repaying a loan: D 51 K 58/3; 5) if they return with%, then the entry: D 76 subaccount K 91/1; 6) D 58/1 K 76 - the contribution to the authorized capital is reflected as part of financial investments; 7) D 76 K 51 (50, 52) - the contribution to the authorized capital has been paid.

We continue to analyze new documents on accounting methodology recently issued by the Russian Ministry of Finance. In this article, V.V. Patrov, Doctor of Economics, Professor, St. Petersburg State University, and M.V. Semenova, Ph.D., a certified auditor commenting on the Accounting Regulation "Accounting for financial investments", approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 10, 2002 No. 126n, which was registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia just before the New Year (December 27, 2002).

General provisions

In pursuance of the Program for Reforming Accounting in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 283 dated March 6, 1998, the Ministry of Finance of Russia, by Order No. 126n dated December 10, 2002, approved the Accounting Regulation "Accounting financial regulations"(PBU 19/02). The above order was registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on December 27, 2002, registration number 4085. At the same time, the order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated January 15, 1997 No. 2 "On the procedure for recording transactions with securities in accounting" was declared invalid.

PBU 19/02 comes into force starting with the financial statements for 2003 and applies to all organizations (except for credit institutions and budget institutions), including professional participants in the securities market.

The concept of financial investments

Unfortunately, so far none normative document there was no definition of the term "financial investments", which indicated the absence of a unified concept for classifying objects as financial investments. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the lists of objects accounted for as part of financial investments, before the advent of PBU 19/02, and in this PBU, differ significantly.

In paragraph 3 of PBU 19/02, financial investments include:

1) securities (state, municipal, corporate);
2) contributions to the authorized (share) capital of other organizations (including subsidiaries and affiliates);
3) loans granted to other organizations;
4) deposits in credit institutions;
5) receivables acquired on the basis of assignment of the right to claim;
6) contributions of a partner organization under a simple partnership agreement, etc.

Compared to the old accounting procedure, objects numbered 4, 5 and 6 are additionally classified as financial investments. In addition, if earlier the list of financial investments was closed, then in RAS 17/02 it is open, i.e., according to the authors, there may be other objects of financial investments.

PBU 19/02 refers to financial investments only loans provided to other organizations, while the instructions for using the chart of accounts prescribe to take into account on account 58 "Financial investments" subaccount 3 "Granted loans" and loans provided individuals(except employees of the organization). Since the status of PBU is higher than the specified Instruction, in this case one should be guided by PBU 19/02.

Paragraph 2 of PBU 19/02 lists three conditions that assets must meet in order to be accounted for as financial investments.

Paragraph 5 of PBU 19/02 states that the organization independently chooses the unit of accounting for financial investments.

Depending on their nature, the order of acquisition and use, it can be a series, batch, etc. At the same time, the main feature of the aggregate characterizing the accounting unit of financial investments is their homogeneity.

Paragraph 6 of PBU 19/02 specifies the basic principle analytical accounting financial investments - by organizations (issuers of acquired securities, borrowers in whose authorized (share) capitals financial investments have been made, holders of deposits, simple partnerships, etc.).

In addition, some financial investments should have additional information. For contributions to authorized (share) capital and simple partnerships - by types of financial investments, etc. For example, for securities - name, number, series, quantity, face value, price and date of purchase, price and date of sale, etc.

That is, RAS 19/02 does not contain a mandatory list of details of securities that must be recorded in analytical accounting registers.

Moreover, RAS 19/02 does not provide for the requirements for compiling special registers that reflect the movement of securities held by an organization (previously, in accordance with paragraph 6 of the Procedure for recording transactions with securities in accounting, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 15.01.1997 No. 2 provided for the maintenance of the Securities Accounting Book).

Clause 7 of PBU 19/02 states that the features of the assessment and additional rules for disclosing information on financial investments in dependent business companies in the financial statements are established by a separate regulatory act on accounting. Such normative act currently not yet.

Initial assessment of financial investments

According to clause 8 PBU19/02, financial investments are accepted for accounting at their original cost. The definition of the initial cost of financial investments acquired for a fee is given in clause 9.

Paragraph 10 of PBU 19/02 states that if payment for financial investments is made in rubles in an amount equivalent to an amount in foreign currency(conditional monetary units), then the sum differences arising before the acceptance of financial investments for accounting can (underlined by the authors) be included in their initial cost.

If for inventories (clause 6 of PBU 5/01) and fixed assets (clause 8 of PBU 6/01) similar sum differences should be unambiguously included in the actual costs of acquiring the above assets, then for some financial investments they may not turn on. The fact is that paragraph 11 of PBU 19/02 says that if the amount of costs (including sum differences) for the purchase of securities is insignificant (compared to the amount paid in accordance with the agreement to the seller), they can be recognized other operating expenses (ie debited to the debit of account 91.2 "Other expenses") in the reporting period in which the specified securities were accepted for accounting.

There will be no problems if the payment of expenses and the acceptance of securities for accounting take place in the same reporting period. If the costs arise earlier, they can be reflected in some intermediate account (for example, account 97 "Expenses of future periods"), from which they will be debited to account 91 "Other income and expenses" in the period of accepting securities for accounting.

Since the Tax Code of the Russian Federation considers sum differences as non-operating income and expenses that increase (decrease) tax base in the period of their occurrence, then, in our opinion, it is advisable for the convergence of accounting and tax accounting do not include them in the initial cost of financial investments, but reflect them immediately in the accounts of financial results.

It should be noted that paragraph 11 of PBU 19/02 refers only to negative differences and does not say anything about cases of positive differences. In our opinion, it is better to write them off to operating income.

Paragraph 13 of PBU19/02 states that the initial cost of securities received free of charge is their current market value as of the date of acceptance for accounting. The latter is determined depending on whether or not these assets are quoted on the securities market.

In the first case (if the security is traded on the organized securities market) it will be the market price. It seems that the accounting policy of an organization that regularly deals with securities should establish a procedure for determining their market prices. In the second case, this is the amount of money that can be received as a result of the sale of the received securities.

Under a simple partnership agreement, partner organizations undertake to combine their contributions, which may be in the form of money, property, etc. If nothing is said about the assessment of contributions in the form of inventories and fixed assets in PBU 5/01 and PBU 6/01, then paragraph 15 of PBU 19/02 states that the initial cost of financial investments made on account of the contribution under the agreement simple partnership, their monetary value, agreed by the partners, is recognized.

If financial investments are purchased for foreign currency, then their initial cost is determined by converting foreign currency into rubles at the exchange rate Central Bank RF, effective on the date of acceptance of financial investments for accounting (clause 16 PBU 19/02).

Clause 17 PBU19/02 refers to the book value of securities that do not belong to the organization on the basis of ownership, economic management or operational management, but are in its use or disposal. They must be accepted for accounting in the assessment provided for in the contract. Most likely at this point we are talking on organizations engaged in brokerage activities in the securities market. Papers purchased at the expense of clients are not property brokerage company, the latter makes transactions for the sale of such securities (disposes of the securities) on behalf of the client.

Subsequent evaluation of financial investments

According to paragraph 18 of PBU 19/02, the initial cost of financial investments, at which they are accepted for accounting, may change in cases established by law and PBU 19/02.

For the purposes of changing the initial cost, financial investments are divided into two groups: by which it is possible and by which it is impossible to determine their current market value.

Financial investments of the first group are reflected in the financial statements at the end of the reporting year at the current market value by adjusting their valuation for the previous reporting date (clause 20 PBU 19/02).

The difference between the assessment of financial investments at the current market value as of the reporting date and their assessment as of the previous reporting date is required to be attributed by commercial organizations to operating income or expenses (i.e., to the debit or credit of account 91 "Other income or expenses"), and non-profit organizations - to increase income or expenses in correspondence with account 58 "Financial investments".

Previously, such an adjustment of financial investments was provided for in clause 45 of the Regulation on Accounting and Accounting, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 29, 1998 No. 34n only for shares, and it was prescribed for the difference to form a reserve for the depreciation of investments in securities (if the value is less than the value at which the papers are accepted for accounting). Revaluation of other securities acquired for the purpose of obtaining income from their sale, as the quotation changes by stock exchange was allowed only for professional participants (see clause 44 of the above Regulations).

Financial investments of the second group are subject to reflection both in accounting and in financial statements at their original cost.

For debt securities (for example, bonds) for which the current market value is not determined, as before, the difference between the initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation is allowed evenly (to the extent of the income due on them in accordance with the terms of issue) to be attributed to commercial organizations for operating income or expenses, and non-profit organizations - for a decrease or increase in expenses.

It should be especially noted that financial investments (see paragraph 3) include, in particular, short-term securities, loans granted to other organizations, deposits in credit organizations, as well as receivables acquired on the basis of an assignment of the right to claim.

If these assets are denominated in foreign currency, then in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 7 of PBU 3/2000 "Accounting for assets and liabilities whose value is expressed in foreign currency", approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated January 10, 2000 No. 2n, their value is subject to recalculation according to exchange rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the date of preparation of financial statements. As a result of this recalculation, as a rule, exchange differences(positive or negative), by the value of which the value of financial investments increases or decreases.

Disposal of financial investments

Paragraph 25 of PBU 19/02 lists the main directions for the disposal of financial investments and states that this disposal is recognized in accounting on the date of the one-time termination of the conditions for accepting them for accounting, given in paragraph 2 of PBU 19/02.

The procedure for evaluating retiring financial investments depends on their type: securities and all other financial investments. The cost of retiring securities is calculated depending on whether the current market value is determined by them or not. If it is not determined, then the value of the retiring securities is calculated in one of three ways:

1) at the initial cost of each accounting unit of securities;
2) at the average initial cost;
3) FIFO method, i.e. at the initial cost of the first securities by the time of acquisition.

As you can see, out of the four asset valuation methods known in Russian accounting, the LIFO method is not used in this case.

For tax purposes in accordance with paragraph 9 of Art. 280 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, retiring securities can also be valued in three ways, but among them there is no average initial cost, and at the same time, the LIFO method is provided.

For each group (type) of securities during the reporting year, only one valuation method should be applied (clause 31). The appendix to PBU 19/02 provides digital examples of the use of various valuation methods for the disposal of financial investments. If the current market value of securities is determined, then their disposal value is calculated based on the latest valuation. All other retiring financial investments (other than securities) are valued at historical cost for each retiring unit.

Income and expenses on financial investments

Income from financial investments may be recognized by the organization independently or income from ordinary activities, or other income (clause 34 PBU19/02). This right is also granted by clause 4 of PBU 9/99. However, based on p.p. 5 and 7 PBU 9/99, such a classification of income is possible only for income from participation in the authorized (share) capital of other organizations. Therefore, income from other financial investments should be treated as other income, in particular, operating income. Hence, it is logical to attribute to operating expenses the expenses named in p.p. 35 and 36. If income from financial investments is recognized by the organization as income from ordinary activities, then the expenses associated with servicing these financial investments should be classified as expenses for ordinary species activities. This should have been said in section V PBU 19/02.

Impairment of financial investments

In the process economic activity organization, its financial investments, for which their current market value is not determined, may depreciate. Exemplary reasons for this are listed in paragraph 37 of PBU19/02. From the content of this paragraph, we can conclude that theoretically all types of financial investments can depreciate, but in practice, securities are most often depreciated.

The procedure for calculating the amount of depreciation (SS) of securities of the second group is set out in paragraph 37 of PBU 19/02. In our opinion, SS can be calculated by the formula:

SS \u003d EVP - EVF (1)

EVP- economic benefits (income) that the organization planned to receive;
EWF- economic benefits (income) received by the organization.

After calculating the MA, the estimated value of the securities is determined - (RS) according to the formula:

RS = US - SS (2)

US- accounting value of securities (the value at which securities are reflected in accounting records).

The decline in the value of securities can be stable and unsustainable.

Paragraph 37 of RAS 19/02 lists three conditions under which the aforementioned decrease in value is recognized as sustainable. A test for sustained depreciation conditions should be conducted for all securities that show signs of depreciation.

In the event of a steady decline in the value of securities, a reserve for the depreciation of financial investments (P) is formed: by commercial organizations - at the expense of financial results (as part of operating expenses), and by non-commercial organizations - by increasing expenses. The amount of deductions to the reserve is calculated by the formula:

R \u003d US - ZS (3)

In the financial statements, securities are shown at book value minus the amount of the formed reserve for their depreciation.

The above check for depreciation of financial investments can be carried out by the organization not only at the end of the year, but also on the reporting dates of interim financial statements, i.e. at the end of each quarter. In this case, confirmation of the results of this check must be ensured. PBU 19/02 does not say how to do this, in our opinion, it is necessary to draw up an appropriate calculation with the justification of the relevant indicators (SS, EVP, EVF, etc.).

In the future, the estimated value of financial investments may either decrease or increase. In this regard, it is necessary to adjust the amount of the created reserve for depreciation of financial investments. When the estimated cost decreases, the reserve increases, and when it increases, it decreases. The amount of the increase or decrease in the provision is attributable to commercial organizations on financial results (as part of operating expenses or income, respectively), non-profit organizations- to increase or decrease expenses.

The text of RAS 19/02 does not imply the need to write off the unused reserve at the end reporting year, i.e. the balance of the reserve is carried over from year to year.

The write-off of the reserve can be in two cases:

1) if the financial investment no longer meets the criteria for sustainable significant reduction in value;
2) upon disposal of financial investments, the estimated value of which was included in the calculation of the reserve for depreciation of financial investments.

The write-off of the reserve in the second case should be reflected at the end of the reporting period, when the disposal of financial investments occurred. The moment of writing off the reserve in the first case is not entirely clear from the text of PBU 19/02. We believe that it is better to do this at the end of the year.

For the amount of the written-off reserve, commercial organizations increase operating income, while non-profit organizations decrease expenses.

Disclosure of information on financial investments in financial statements

Paragraph 41 PBU19/02 states that financial investments should be reflected in the financial statements with a division into short-term and long-term. In accordance with paragraph 23 methodological recommendations on the procedure for the formation of indicators of the financial statements of the organization, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated June 25, 2000 No. 60n, financial investments are short-term if the circulation (repayment) period for them is not more than 12 months after the reporting date.

The remaining financial investments are long-term.

Paragraph 42 of RAS 19/02 lists the minimum set of indicators for financial investments that are subject to disclosure in financial statements (subject to materiality requirements).