Vtb state share. State banks - financial levers for managing the economy

In the current economic realities prevailing in Russia, those financial institutions in which the state is the majority shareholder have a dominant position compared to other similar institutions. A bank with state participation is an organization where decisions are made mainly based on the interests of the state.

It is believed financial analysts thanks to the participation of the state in banking system it remains reliable and stable. In addition, there are sectors in the economy where the injection of funds may be either unprofitable or have great risks for private lending institutions. For example, such an important sector for the life of the country as agriculture.

The influence of the state on the activities of credit institutions may be different. It can be divided into certain types, depending on the degree of state involvement in these institutions.

A bank in which the state is the sole shareholder. We have only one such bank - .

There are banks with state participation, in which the state share is more than 50 percent of the shares. A certain percentage of the shares in such credit institutions are owned by private shareholders, and these may be people who have the citizenship of another country. The most famous of these financial institutions are " " and " ".

There is joint-stock companies in which, a package of shares redeemed by the state give it the opportunity to block any decisions made in this society.

There are financial institutions that public administration carried out through others state-owned companies that own these institutions. For example, in OAO Tatneft, the state is the main shareholder, and this company owns a blocking stake in the financial institution Zenit. Thus, the state through Tatneft can influence this bank.

There are credit organizations whose financial activity has led to the fact that the state is forced to carry out certain procedures in them to improve these organizations. As a result, management in them is carried out by representatives of state structures. For example, if a financial institution is being reorganized, or if the Bank of Russia takes over its management by sending its representative to this institution.

If the Central Bank does large lending some commercial bank, he also, without fail, sends his authorized representative to this credit institution.

Since the participation of state structures in the country's banking system can be different, its accounting is often difficult. For this reason, no one regularly keeps statistics. But according to general statistics in Russian Federation there are over fifty banks with state participation. Russia has its financial activity carried out by many lending institutions. According to available information, this is more than 900 banks. But almost 40 percent of the total number of own assets of the banking system of the Russian Federation falls precisely on banks with state participation. These financial institutions issued more than 45 percent of the total issued by legal and individuals, loans. More than half of all deposits placed in the banking system of our country are attracted by these credit institutions.

Analysts are ambivalent about the impact of such financial institutions on the Russian banking sector. When the country's economy is in crisis, these structures are the very first to receive financial support from the state, expressed in their lending under low interest. Thus, these credit institutions are a reliable stronghold for enterprises with private capital, as well as for ordinary investors. Thanks to these banks, the state can pursue its policy aimed at reducing the level of interest rates on loans that are issued real sector economy. They also help regulate mortgage prices. For residents of our country, such activities of these banks assist in the acquisition of housing.

However, the ability of these banks to easily obtain cheap loans leads to the fact that there is competition between financial institutions, which can only be called fair at a stretch.

In the leading countries of the world, the influence of the state on the banking sector is insignificant. Most often, this influence is limited to the fact that it regulates the overall financial system of the country. The state also provides financial support to banks during economic crisis. The state participates as a shareholder in banking structures ah mostly in economies developing countries. Together with economic growth countries share states in authorized capitals credit institutions is gradually declining.

List of major banks with state participation
1. Sberbank
2. VTB
3. Gazprombank
4. VTB 24
5. Rosselkhozbank
6. Bank of Moscow
7. National Clearing Center
8. Khanty-Mansiysk Bank
9. AK BARS
10. Communication-Bank
11. Globex
12. SME Bank
13. Tatfondbank
14. Russian Capital
15. All-Russian Regional Development Bank
16. Eurofinance Mosnarbank
17. Krayinvestbank
18. Far Eastern Bank
19. Akibank
20. Almazergienbank
21. GPB-Ipoteka Does not work with individuals
22. Moscow Mortgage Agency
23. Roseximbank
24. Ruscobank
25. MAK-Bank
26. Rus'
27. Bank of Kazan
28. Khakassian Municipal Bank
29. Kuban Universal Bank
30. Naratbank
31. Russian National Commercial Bank
32. Gelendzhik-Bank
33. Postbank
34. Bashprombank
35. Vnesheconombank

It would be logical to assume that state-owned banks are banks that are wholly owned by the state through its various corporations and government bodies. However, upon closer examination, it turned out that in most of these credit institutions the share of shares held by the state is limited. That is, part of the shares still belongs to non-state (private) legal entities and individuals. The extent to which the bank can be called state-owned depends on the size of these shares and their ratio. And given that, under the law, the owner may not participate in operational management own company, then, according to experts, it is not always possible to identify the state bank with the 100% stability of its business.

Yes, and the legislation equally applies to the rights of depositors of any of the Russian banks. The reliability of the bank is most affected by hired top managers and the business policy they have built. However, there are other more complex risks, in the event of which the state will save state-owned banks from collapse in the first place. But whether the situation that had developed by that time will contribute to this is a question with many unknowns.

In Russia, according to some estimates, there are more than fifty banks in the capital of which there is a state share in one amount or another. For example, did you know that almost 42% of Sberbank shares are owned by foreign persons and companies? Or what's in the National Reserve Bank share of the Federal Property Management Agency (Federal Agency for state property) is now 2.99%. And the Russian Capital Bank passed into full ownership of the DIA state corporation as a result of its reorganization in 2008, which did not allow then a large private bank to go bankrupt. The situation is approximately the same with the Bank of Moscow (formerly private), which has been rescued from the crisis for several years now by its new owner, VTB Bank, which is considered state-owned.

When evaluating any bank for belonging to the state, one must keep in mind the plans of the state itself to slowly sell its shares of property ownership into private hands. For example, within the framework of the equation of a competitive environment within the banking system of the Russian Federation, plans were once voiced to gradually reduce the share of the Central Bank in Sberbank to a quarter. And the current additional capitalization of banks through OFZs as part of anti-crisis measures, on the contrary, will increase the presence of the state (in face of the DIA) in the capital of several private banks.

In the following overview of the most profitable deposits in state-owned banks, keep in mind that, as a rule, in these banks, the highest rates apply only to the multimillion-dollar savings of VIP depositors. For more modest investments, the interest here will be lower, sometimes even one and a half to two times. And if you definitely want to find the highest rates of 15-16.9% for moderate amounts, then it is better to contact small banks, prudently limiting the volume of your deposits there within the insurance liability of the DIA (now 1,400,000 rubles).

Bank Globex

Today, out of all four possible deposit offers bank, the most expensive - "Exact calculation". Its range of rates is 11-15% per annum. The profitability depends on the chosen term and the invested amount. The lowest percentage is valid for a period of 2-3 years, and the highest for a period of 6-12 months for ruble savings. Minimum amounts: 100,000 rubles or 2,000 USD / EURO.

The agreement does not provide for replenishment, partial expenditure, capitalization. Interest is paid at the end. Early termination occurs at the rate "on demand". The contract can be concluded in favor of a third party, which is not found in every bank.

Absolut Bank

The deposit "Absolute maximum +" is one of the five offers of the bank. The best rates in rubles here are valid in contracts for up to a year, in foreign currency, on the contrary, for more than a year. You can choose a convenient term "for yourself" in the range of 91-1080 days. The most profitable ruble yield on the terms: 367 days, deposit from 1,400,000 rubles. Smaller savings (from 30,000 rubles) are cheaper.

Additional income and expenditure transactions not included in the contribution. Interest is paid to the depositor at the end of the term. The preferential rate of early termination takes effect after six months.

Russian Capital

In total, the bank has four types of deposits with different conditions. The highest ruble rate of 14.5% operates in three of them, incl. in the Russian Capital Plus agreement, in which best yield valid for a period of 395 days, for amounts from 1,500,000 rubles. or from 50,000 euros/dollars. The minimum possible investment amount is 10,000 rubles. or 300 euros or US dollars. Maximum term- 3 years.

Interest is calculated monthly: at choice, capitalized or issued in the form of rent. Replenishment and early withdrawal is possible while maintaining part of the bet under certain conditions.

Svyaz-Bank

Of the ten deposits of the bank, the best in terms of profitability is the agreement "Collection Classic". True, the minimum starting amount in it is 3,000,000 rubles. or 100,000 euros/dollars. Most high percent valid on the terms of placement: from 300,000,000 rubles. for 6 months or from 10,000,000 USD/EUR for 1 year. The rates below apply in other contracts, for other amounts and terms (from 1 month to 5 years).

Interest is paid at the end of the term or once a year. partial withdrawals, replenishment and early benefits are not provided. But there is a possibility online discovery deposits through internet banking.

Rosselkhozbank

The bank has just lowered its deposit interest. In total, there are 14 types of deposits with different savings conditions. Now the best rate is valid in the "Gold" deposit, which is opened incl. through an ATM or the Internet. Profitability is tied to the amount (from 1,500,000 rubles) and term (from 1 month to 4 years). The highest rate is offered for savings: from 30,000,000 rubles placed for 6 months and from 50,000 dollars / euros, with a term of 2.5 years.

Interest on this deposit is paid at the end of the term. Additional contributions not accepted. Debit transactions are not allowed. There are no prepayment benefits.

RRDB

The bank offers its depositors a choice of 12 types of deposits with different conditions. The best ruble deposit in terms of profitability is Prime-M, in which the highest rate works: for a period of 3 months for investments from 100,000,000 rubles. Contribution " special status"- the most profitable for investments in dollars: a period of 1 year, from $ 5,000,000.

Of these two proposals: a ruble deposit fixes monthly payment percent without replenishment options, currency deposit can be capitalized with interest, replenished and partially withdrawn. The preferential rate for early payment is valid in limited cases.

VTB 24

Of the thirteen deposits, the best ones are: for currency - Profitable Online, for rubles - Double. Conditions for the high stakes in rubles: investments from 3,500,000 rubles, 6 months, interest payment at the end of the term without capitalization, no replenishment options and early termination benefits, is issued in a package with an agreement for investment insurance life.

Conditions for the highest rate in dollars: savings from $ 50,000, the term can be chosen in the range of 12-18 months, capitalization or rent when paying interest, only remote opening through the Telebank system, preferential rate at an early date.

Bank of Moscow

The deposit portfolio of the bank consists of eleven offers. Today, the best in terms of ruble yield is the “Correct Answer” deposit with ladder interest and quarterly capitalization. There is one rate for any amount (minimum 100,000 rubles). The deadline for all is also the same - 380 days.

Contribution " Maximum income(pension)" - the most expensive for the currency. Best bet valid for savings from 100 dollars / euro for a period of 366-547 days (accurate to the day at the choice of the client). monthly interest either capitalized or paid out at the request of the depositor.

Gazprombank

The deposit "Gazprombank - Perspective" is the best for today in terms of the interest rate. The most profitable ruble deposits are opened for a period of 6 or 12 months with a minimum amount of 1,000,000 rubles. The term for the best foreign exchange savings is 12 months with investments from 10,000 dollars / euros. Minimum amount deposit - 15,000 rubles, 500 dollars / euros. There are five terms to choose from - from 3 months to 3 years.

Interest is accrued once a year and paid (at the choice of the client) in the form of rent or capitalized. There are no additional options in the form of incoming and outgoing transactions. Early termination almost always changes the rate to the demand level.

Sberbank of Russia

The "Save Online" deposit has been the most profitable in the bank for several years. The account is opened remotely via the Internet, ATM or mobile phone. This adds 0.3-0.95 percentage points to the deposit compared to the usual office option without the "Online" prefix. Today Better conditions for savings - from 2,000,000 rubles. (or from 20,000 dollars / euro) for a period of 6 months to 1 year (accuracy to the day is chosen by the depositor independently).

Income is accrued once a month, the client chooses rent or capitalization in advance. There are no top-ups or partial charges. But six months later, preferential interest begins to operate under the conditions of early termination of the contract.

Oksana Lukyanets, Vkladvbanke.ru project expert

February 2019

All banks in the territory of the Russian Federation are divided into two large groups: public and private organizations. This article will focus exclusively on banks with state participation.

Features of banks with state support

The main link in the entire banking structure of the Russian Federation is the Central Bank. Its task is to issue money and control the entire financial system in the country. The rest of the banking organizations are engaged in lending activities under the supervision of the Central Bank. The main bank of the state has the right to prohibit or allow other financial organizations to operate in the country.

State-owned banks are wholly or partially owned by the state. They can be divided into several main types:

• banks that are wholly owned by the state;
• banks with a controlling stake owned by the state (more than 50%);
• banks, the blocking shareholding of which is owned government agencies(more than 25% of shares);
• banks that are owned by the state indirectly (through third-party structures).

With the help of its banking structures, the state performs a number of functions:

1. Implementation government programs concessional lending.
2. Formation in the market of interest rates.

List of state banks of Russia for 2019

The table below presents a structured list of banks with state participation.

In the table, you can see that BM-Bank is part of the VTB group, and VTB Bank is owned by the Federal Property Management Agency. Accordingly, all these banks somehow belong to the state.

Should I choose a state-backed bank?

To the choice of a bank for lending or investing own funds should be approached with the utmost responsibility. State-supported banks are different high level reliability and attractive interest rates on loans.

Investors who put their savings in National Bank, can be sure that their deposits will be insured by the state. More information about the deposit insurance system can be found in

The banking system is a complex system with a hierarchy of structures and principles of functioning. The state controls each organization and, in the event of unfair competition and the provision of services, revokes the license. VTB Group is the leader in this area and customers are interested in the question, is VTB a state or commercial bank?

A state bank is an institution where a controlling stake is owned by the state, represented by the government or the ministry of finance.

State banks

List financial institutions Russia state form ownership includes 28 organizations, the main of which are Gazprombank, Krayinvestbank, VTB Bank of Moscow, Svyaz-Bank, Globex, Russian Capital, Evrofinance Mosnarbank and others. Each organization operates in a specific federal district. The share of the state in VTB at the time of the creation of the structure was 96.8%.

State-owned banks work in a certain area - they provide clearing services, insurance, they work only with individuals or legal entities.

The mission and development strategy depends on the decisions taken by the government. This somewhat narrows the direction of development and creates barriers to the full maintenance of operations.

Commercial structures

As of January 1, 2018, there were 514 commercial structures in Russia, and 466 are in the banking insurance system. The owners of such institutions are individuals or legal entities in one person.

Types of services and operations - loans, mortgages, deposits, insurance, guarantee, servicing of legal entities and individuals.

The top ten includes the following: Alfa-Bank OJSC, Bank of Moscow, Russian Standard Bank JSC, PJSC AK Bars, Uralsib, Binbank, VTB Bank, Vostochny.

Considering the largest institutions from the above list, it can be determined that VTB occupies the first place in the rating. So, is VTB Bank a state or commercial one? The answer is simple.

VTB Bank is a universal commercial structure with state ownership of part of the capital. Behind last years management is actively taking over other financial institutions, thus strengthening its position in various regions of the country.

The entire company operates as a single holding, in which each unit adheres to a common strategy and mission.

Decrease in the share of the state

The priority direction of development for 2017–2019 technological support and modernization of the system was approved. The maximum profit, according to the plan, should be 200 billion rubles by the end of the period. Every year, the owners of the companies issue an additional additional issue.

By selling shares in VTB Group includes prestigious global investors who invest significant financial resources in the development of the organization.

The state's share in VTB today is 60.9%. Gradually, the government's role in participating activities is decreasing. Given the international expansion and provision of services in Europe, India, Asia, China, Africa. Thus, each geographical sector has its own investors known to the local population. It raises rating level and prestige of the company.

So, we figured it out and answered the question of customers about whether VTB Bank is a state-owned bank or a commercial one. The financial institution the most reliable, which also works in various areas of banking services.

Are you interested in the list of state-owned banks in Russia, which is valid for 2019? With us you can find complete list financial institutions owned by our state.

Private vs Public Banks: What's the Difference?

On this moment All financial and credit organizations in our country are divided into two large categories - private and public. The second category includes those banks where the controlling stake is owned by the state, as a rule it is 50% and 1 share (this is the case with).

At the same time, it is not at all necessary that the bank was initially created by the state itself. On the contrary, very often there are cases when the Government decides to buy a private bank if it is large, systemic and is experiencing significant difficulties.

The purchase helps to "save the drowning man" - instead of revoking the license, significant cash injections are made into the company, "healing" its economy, putting things in order. At the same time, 51% of the shares are transferred to the state company DIA. Thus, state-owned banks in Russia will be able to lose their license only in the most extreme cases.

In fact, in our country there is only one truly state-owned bank - this Central bank Russia. All the rest have only state participation in their activities and assets.

Do not confuse state banks and banks with state participation. In the second case, it implies a partial presence of shares in the state-va (from 15% to 49%), and a controlling stake is held by private or even foreign investors.

This type of ownership is typical for regional financial institutions that are controlled by the local administration or state-owned companies. The advantages are obvious - if the institution experiences difficulties, then in most cases it will be able to count on financial support and injections.

Deposit insurance system

Each banking organization operating on the territory of the Russian Federation, takes part in the deposit insurance system, which is "managed" by state organization called ASV. It is the management of this institution that decides which bank should be checked for reliability, and if the license is revoked, then to whom all the assets and liabilities of the closed bank will pass.

In order to secure cash citizens of our country, the Government decided to increase sum insured from 700,000 rubles to 1,400,000 rubles. It is within these limits that the compensation that you can be guaranteed to receive if your bank closes is located.

What does it mean? Revocation of a license is an insured event. If you had an amount of no more than , then you can get it back. Within 14 days from the date of the withdrawal, the DIA will appoint a company that will be responsible for the payment of reimbursements to citizens.

Are all deposits insured? No, some deposit programs are not subject to insurance, we talk about them.

Is that all financial companies, for example, cooperatives, insure their deposits with the state? Also no, because it payable service which must be paid quarterly. How to check if the bank you have chosen is in the deposit insurance system is described in detail in.

How to choose a bank to open a deposit or account?

If you decide to transfer part of your savings to a bank account or deposit, then you probably could have problems choosing a company that you can trust with your savings. Indeed, today in the Russian Federation there are about, and judging by the advertising, each of them promises very profitable terms service.

Most Russians who choose a bank to apply for a loan or open a deposit pay attention not only to the conditions of the product itself, i.e. the amount and interest rates, but also on , which provides them with these programs.

And this is really very important, because. work experience, seniority, financial indicators, as well as the participation of the state in the activities of the bank are those points that are worth paying attention to.

And often, individuals and legal entities prefer to turn to state-owned companies, because. those guarantee them the security of saving their money. We bring for you comparison table, which indicates the share of the state in a particular Russian company:

1. — 100%,
2. — 100%,
3. RNKB Bank (Russian National Commercial Bank) - 100%,
4. Roseximbank - 100%.
5. All-Russian Regional Development Bank - 84.67%,
6. VTB - 60.93%,
7. — 64,222%,